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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2024-27-5-312-321</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">xvnwsm</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-1056</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние питания на нутритивный статус недоношенных детей с очень низкой массой тела при рождении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of nutrition on the nutritional status in preterm infants with very low birth weight</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-9625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пинаева-Слыш</surname><given-names>Евгения Леонидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pinaeva-Slysh</surname><given-names>Evgeniya L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-педиатр, аспирант лаб. питания здорового и больного ребёнка ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: pinaevaslysh.e@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatrician, MD, PhD student of the Laboratory of nutrition for healthy and sick children at the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: pinaevaslysh.e@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pinaevaslysh.e@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6521-0936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>Вера Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>Vera A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, гл. науч. сотр. лаб. питания здорового и больного ребёнка ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России; проф. каф. неонатологии ГБУЗ «МОНИКИ им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</p><p>e-mail: skvortsova@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skvortsova@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0603-3394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровик</surname><given-names>Татьяна Эдуардовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovik</surname><given-names>Tatyana E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф., гл. науч. сотр. лаб. питания здорового и больного ребёнка ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: borovik@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borovik@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-6668</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басаргина</surname><given-names>Милана Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basargina</surname><given-names>Milana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, науч. сотр. лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста, зав. отделением патологии и детей раннего детского возраста с соматической реабилитацией ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: basargina.ma@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">basargina.ma@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0019-4194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимина</surname><given-names>Елена Павловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimina</surname><given-names>Elena P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, зав. отделением стационарзамещающих технологий ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: zimina@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zimina@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8020-2598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, зам. гл. врача по педиатрической помощи ГБУЗ МО «МОПЦ», ГВС неонатолог МЗ МО; вед. науч. сотр. отдела неонатологии и когнитивного развития ГБУЗ МО «НИКИ детства» Минздрава МО</p><p>e-mail: as.petrova@icloud.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">as.petrova@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7225-2053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малютина</surname><given-names>Людмила Вячеславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyutina</surname><given-names>Lyudmila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, зам. гл. врача по педиатрической помощи ГБУЗ МО «Щёлковский перинатальный центр», зав. каф. неонатологии ФУВ ГБУЗ МО МОНИКИ; вед. науч. сотр., отдел неонатальной медицины и когнитивного развития ГБУЗ МО «НИКИ детства» Минздрава МО</p><p>e-mail: luda336.7272@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">luda336.7272@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-691X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукоянова</surname><given-names>Ольга Леонидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukoyanova</surname><given-names>Olga L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук., гл. науч. сотр. лаб. питания здорового и больного ребёнка ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: lukoyanova@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lukoyanova@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4158-8288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илларионова</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Illarionova</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: illarionova.ms@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">illarionova.ms@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health; M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства» Минздрава Московской области; ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной перинатальный центр»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Clinical Institute of Childhood; Moscow Regional Perinatal Cente</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»; ГБУЗ МО «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства» Минздрава Московской области; ГБУЗ МО «Щёлковский перинатальный центр»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute; Research Clinical Institute of Childhood; Shchyolkovsky Perinatal Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>312</fpage><lpage>321</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л., Скворцова В.А., Боровик Т.Э., Басаргина М.А., Зимина Е.П., Петрова А.С., Малютина Л.В., Лукоянова О.Л., Илларионова М.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л., Скворцова В.А., Боровик Т.Э., Басаргина М.А., Зимина Е.П., Петрова А.С., Малютина Л.В., Лукоянова О.Л., Илларионова М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pinaeva-Slysh E.L., Skvortsova V.A., Borovik T.E., Basargina M.A., Zimina E.P., Petrova A.S., Malyutina L.V., Lukoyanova O.L., Illarionova M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/1056">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/1056</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Постнатальная задержка роста недоношенных детей с очень низкой массой тела (ОНМТ) при рождении остаётся нерешённой задачей. Существуют различные подходы, касающиеся длительности использования обогатителей грудного молока при грудном вскармливании и при искусственном — специализированных смесей, а также времени назначения прикорма.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы: определить физическое развитие и компонентный состав тела недоношенных детей с ОНМТ при рождении в зависимости от нутритивной поддержки на 1-м году жизни.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 93 недоношенных ребёнка с ОНМТ при рождении с 2 до 11 мес постнатального возраста. В 1-ю группу вошли дети (n = 74), которым осуществлялась коррекция рационов в зависимости от нутритивного статуса, в 2-й группе (n = 19) подобное вмешательство не проводилось. До 64 нед постконцептуального возраста массу, длину тела и окружность головы оценивали с помощью международных стандартов роста INTERGROWTH-21st и в программном обеспечении «WHO Anthro (2009)». Жировую и безжировую (тощую) массу тела определяли с помощью метода воздушной плетизмографии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ пищевого статуса позволил выявить умеренное, не превышающее 1 сигмальное отклонение снижение индексов (Z-scores) антропометрических показателей детей 1-й и 2-й групп к 2–3 мес постнатального возраста. В дальнейшем у детей 1-й группы на фоне продолжительного использования обогащённого питания (обогатители грудного молока или специализированные смеси для недоношенных) и своевременного введения продуктов прикорма, недостаточности питания на протяжении всего 1-го года жизни в целом не выявлено. Во 2-й группе детей без дополнительной коррекции питания к возрасту 4–5 мес отмечено развитие лёгкой недостаточности питания, которая к 6–7 мес переходила в умеренную, сохранявшую­ся до 8–9 мес, с последующим переходом в лёгкую недостаточность питания. Анализ компонентного состава тела показал, что за период наблюдения у детей 1-й группы прибавка безжировой массы тела составила 3,4 кг, у детей 2-й группы — 2,2 кг. При этом доля жировой массы тела у детей в двух группах не имела значимых различий: в 1-й группе — 19,3 [15,3–22,5], во 2-й — 19,9 [16,7–24,6] (p = 0,769) и не превышала значений, характерных для доношенных детей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Комплексная оценка нутритивного статуса детей с ОНМТ на протяжении 1-го года жизни позволила оценить положительное влияние длительного использования обогащённых рационов и своевременного введения отдельных продуктов прикорма. Оптимизация питания позволила предотвратить развитие нутритивной недостаточности, что может оказать существенное положительное влияние на их дальнейший рост, развитие и состояние здоровья.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л., Скворцова В.А., Боровик Т.Э., Басаргина М.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования; Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л., Илларионова М.С. — сбор материала; Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л. — статистическая обработка; Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л., Скворцова В.А., Боровик Т.Э. — написание текста; Зимина Е.П., Малютина Л.В., Петрова А.С., Лукоянова О.Л. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 21</title><p>Поступила 21.08.2024Принята к печати 08.10.2024Опубликована 12.11.2024</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Postnatal growth retardation in premature infants with very low birth weight (VLBW) remains an unresolved problem. There are different approaches regarding the duration of use of breast milk fortifiers during breastfeeding and specialized formulas during formula feeding, as well as the timing of the appointment of complementary feeding.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate the physical development and component body composition in VLBW infants, depending on nutritional support over the first year of life.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included ninety three VLBW premature infants of 2 to 11 months postnatal age (PNA). The main (1st) group included infants (n = 74) who received dietary correction depending on the nutritional status, while no such intervention was performed in the (2nd) comparison group (n = 19). Up to 64 weeks of postconceptional age (PCA), weight, body length, and head circumference were assessed using INTERGROWTH-21st international growth standards, then in the software “WHO Anthro (2009)”. Fat and fat-free (lean) mass were determined using the air plethysmography method (PEA POD, LMi, USA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis of the nutritional status revealed a moderate deviation, not exceeding 1 sigma, decrease in indices (Z-scores) of anthropometric indices in infants of the 1st and 2nd groups by PNA of 2–3 months. Further in infants of the 1st group on the background of prolonged use of fortified nutrition (breast milk fortifier or specialized formulas for preterm infants) and timely introduction of complementary foods, nutritional deficiencies throughout the first year of life in general were not revealed. In the 2nd group of infants without additional correction of nutrition by 4–5 months of age, the development of mild nutritional deficiency was noted by 6–7 months of age. By 6–7 months of age, it turned into moderate nutritional deficiency, which persisted until 8–9 months of age and then turned into mild nutritional deficiency. Analysis of the component body composition showed that during the observation period, the fat-free body mass (FFM) gain in infants in the 1st group was 3.40 kg, in Group 2 infants — 2.2 kg. At the same time, % body fat mass (FM) in infants in groups 1 and 2 had no significant differences (%FM 1 = 19.3 [15.3–22.5], %FM 2 = 19.9 [16.7–24.6], p = 0.769) and did not exceed the values characteristic of preterm infants.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A comprehensive assessment of the nutritional status of VLBW infants during the first year of life allowed us to eva­luate the positive impact of long-term use of fortified diets and timely introduction of certain complementary foods. Optimization of nutrition made it possible to prevent the development of nutritional deficiency, which can have a significant positive impact on their further growth, development, and health status.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Pinaeva-Slysh E.L., Skvortsova V.A., Borovik T.E., Basargina M.A. — research concept and design of the study; Pinaeva-Slysh E.L., Illarionova M.S. — collection and processing of material; Pinaeva-Slysh E.L. — statistical processing; Pinaeva-Slysh E.L., Skvortsova V.A., Borovik T.E. — writing the text; Zimina E.P., Petrova A.S., Malyutina L.V., Lukoyanova O.L. — editing the text. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Сonflict of interest</title><p>Сonflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: August 21, 2024Accepted: October 08, 2024Published: November 12, 2024</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>недоношенные дети</kwd><kwd>очень низкая масса тела при рождении</kwd><kwd>нутритивный статус</kwd><kwd>постнатальная задержка роста</kwd><kwd>состав тела</kwd><kwd>жировая и безжировая масса тела</kwd><kwd>специализированные смеси</kwd><kwd>коррекция питания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>premature infants</kwd><kwd>very low birth weight</kwd><kwd>nutritional status</kwd><kwd>postnatal growth retardation</kwd><kwd>body composition</kwd><kwd>fat and fat-free body weight</kwd><kwd>specialized formulas</kwd><kwd>nutritional correction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gsoellpointner M., Eibensteiner F., Thanhaeuser M., Ristl R., Jilma B., Berger A., et al. 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