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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2024-27-6-435-440</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">oavshf</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-1189</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика, течение и прогностические исходы пиелонефритов у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnosis, course, and prognostic outcomes of pyelonephritis in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8285-5683</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач — педиатр нефрологического отделения ФГБУ «ФНКЦ детей и подростков» ФМБА России; аспирант каф. педиатрии «Академии постдипломного образования ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России»</p><p>e-mail: a.smirnova0902@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.smirnova0902@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1928-749X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зокиров</surname><given-names>Нурали Зоирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zokirov</surname><given-names>Nurali Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф., зав. нефрологическим отделением ФГБУ «ФНКЦ детей и подростков ФМБА России», проф., зав. каф. педиатрии и детской хирургии ФГБУ МБУ ИНО ФГБУ ГНЦ «ФМБЦ им. А.И. Бурназяна» ФМБА России; проф., зав. каф. педиатрии ФГБУ «Академия постдипломного образования» ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России</p><p>e-mail: nuraliz@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., prof., chief of nephrology Department of Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Children and Adolescents, Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation; prof., head of the department of pediatrics and pediatric surgery, Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan, Moscow, 123098, Russian Federation; prof., head of the department of pediatrics, Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow, 125371, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: nuraliz@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nuraliz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6152-5693</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сытьков</surname><given-names>Валентин Вячеславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sytkov</surname><given-names>Valentin V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, врач — детский хирург, ФГБУ «ФНКЦ детей и подростков» ФМБА России, доцент каф. детской хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: doc-sytkov@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc-sytkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5824-4732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фёдорова</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, врач — детский уролог, ФГБУ «ФНКЦ детей и подростков» ФМБА России; доцент каф. детской хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: fedorova-e2010@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fedorova-e2010@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7683-7649</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суходольский</surname><given-names>Андрей Андреевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhodolsky</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, зав. отд. детской урологии ГБУЗ МО Московский областной центр охраны материнства и детства, ассистент каф. детской хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: asuh1@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asuh1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0643-5446</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колосова</surname><given-names>Полина Айваровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosova</surname><given-names>Polina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент каф. детской хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: alem@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alem@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9431-3395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раншаков</surname><given-names>Алексей Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ranshakov</surname><given-names>Aleksey S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач — детский уролог, ФГБУ «ФНКЦ детей и подростков» ФМБА России; ассистент каф. детской хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: 8679661@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">8679661@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр детей и подростков» ФМБА России; ФГБУ ГНЦ «Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна» ФМБА России; ФГБУ «Академия постдипломного образования» ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Children and Adolescents; Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan; Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр детей и подростков» ФМБА России; ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Children and Adolescents; Russian University of Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр детей и подростков» ФМБА России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Children and Adolescents</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>435</fpage><lpage>440</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смирнова А.И., Зокиров Н.З., Сытьков В.В., Фёдорова Е.В., Суходольский А.А., Колосова П.А., Раншаков А.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнова А.И., Зокиров Н.З., Сытьков В.В., Фёдорова Е.В., Суходольский А.А., Колосова П.А., Раншаков А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnova A.I., Zokirov N.Z., Sytkov V.V., Fedorova E.V., Sukhodolsky A.A., Kolosova P.A., Ranshakov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/1189">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/1189</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Своевременная диагностика различных форм пиелонефритов у детей требует знания чётких клинико-лабораторных критериев, т. к. пиелонефриты имеют тенденцию к хронизации и способствуют формированию хронической почечной недостаточности. Цель обзора: установить ведущие факторы формирования, диагностики и прогнозирования, определяющие особенности течения и исходы пиелонефрита у детей. В обзоре использованы базы данных PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, eLIBRARY.RU. Пиелонефрит является эндогенной инфекцией, вызванной условно-патогенными уропатогенами, которые могут длительное время обитать в организме и приводить к инфекции лишь при определённых условиях. Относительно редко наблюдаются гематогенная и прямая инвазия. Клиническая картина пиелонефритов у детей достаточно разнообразна и зависит от различных факторов. Учитывая, что недостаточно обследованные больные имеют высокий риск хронизации течения болезни с последующим формированием очагов нефросклероза, необходима точная диагностика локализации поражений при пиелонефрите. После получения данных анализов мочи, определения биомаркеров активности процесса и наличия клинических проявлений пиелонефрита у детей необходимо незамедлительное назначение эмпирической антибактериальной терапии с предшествующим этому посевом мочи и обязательным определением антибиотикорезистентности, что значительно уменьшит риски осложнений и нефросклероза.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Зокиров Н.З., Смирнова А.И., Федорова Е.В., Суходольский А.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования; Смирнова А.И. — сбор и обработка материала; Смирнова А.И., Суходольский А.А., Колосова П.А. — написание текста; Зокиров Н.З., Федорова Е.В., Сытьков В.В., Колосова П.А., Суходольский А.А., Раншаков А.С. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. </p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 23</title><p>Поступила 23.10.2024Принята к печати 06.12.2024Опубликована 25.12.2024</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Timely diagnosis of various forms of pyelonephritis in children requires special attention and knowledge concerning clear clinical and laboratory criteria, since pyelonephritis tends to become chronic and contributes to the formation of chronic renal failure. The aim of the review is to establish the leading factors of formation, diagnosis, and prognosis determining the features of the course and outcomes of pyelonephritis in children. Pubmed, Google Scholar, Medline, and eLIBRARY.RU databases were used in the review. Pyelonephritis has been established to be a variant of endogenous infection caused by opportunistic bacteria that can live in the body for a long time and lead to infection only under certain conditions. Hematogenous and direct invasion is relatively rare. The clinical picture of pyelonephritis in children is quite diverse and depends on various factors. Given that insufficiently examined patients have a high risk of chronization of the course of the disease with the subsequent formation of foci of nephrosclerosis, an accurate diagnosis of the location of lesions in pyelonephritis is necessary. After receiving urine test data, determining biomarkers of the activity of the process and the presence of clinical manifestations of pyelonephritis in children, it is necessary to immediately prescribe empirical antibacterial therapy with prior urine culture and mandatory determination of antibiotic resistance, which will significantly reduce the risks of complications and nephrosclerosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Zokirov N.Z., Smirnova A., Fedorova E.V., Sukhodolsky A.A. — concept and design of the study; Smirnova A.I. — collection and processing of material; Smirnova A.I., Sukhodolsky A.A., Kolosova P.A. — writing the text; Zokirov N.Z., Fedorova E.V., Sytkov V.V., Kolosova P.A., Sukhodolsky A.A., Ranshakov A.S. — editing the text. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility of the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: October 23, 2024Accepted: December 06, 2024Published: December 25, 2024</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>инфекция мочевыводящих путей</kwd><kwd>пиелонефрит</kwd><kwd>нефросклероз</kwd><kwd>тактика лечения</kwd><kwd>прогноз болезни</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>urinary tract infection</kwd><kwd>pyelonephritis</kwd><kwd>nephrosclerosis</kwd><kwd>treatment tactics</kwd><kwd>disease prognosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pебрик И.С., Тракс О.В. Острый пиелонефрит у детей раннего возраста. 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