rospedРоссийский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. СтуденикинаM.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric JournalФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России10.46563/1560-9561-2021-24-3-203-208igqjqtrosped-1203Research ArticleВ ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУGUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERSОсобенности течения новой коронавирусной инфекции у новорождённых и детей первого года жизниFeatures of the course of new coronavirus infection in newborns and first-year infantshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-1471ХаритоноваНаталия АлександровнаKharitonovaNatalya A.

Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: kharitonovan@nczd.ru

MD, PhD, researcher of the Neonatology and early childhood laboratory, National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

e-mail: kharitonovan@nczd.ru

kharitonovan@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-6668БасаргинаМилана АлександровнаBasarginaMilana A.

Канд. мед. наук, науч. сотр. лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста, зав. отделением патологии новорожденных детей ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: basargina.ma@nczd.ru

basargina.ma@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4158-8288ИлларионоваМария СергеевнаIllarionovaMariya S.

Мл. науч. сотр. лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: masha177771@mail.ru

masha177771@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4253-3000НестеровичМарина ИгоревнаNesterovichMarina I.

Мл. науч. сотр. лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: marnest@mail.ru

marnest@mail.ruФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Center for Children’s Health202110012025243203208Copyright © Харитонова Н.А., Басаргина М.А., Илларионова М.С., Нестерович М.И., 20252025Харитонова Н.А., Басаргина М.А., Илларионова М.С., Нестерович М.И.Kharitonova N.A., Basargina M.A., Illarionova M.S., Nesterovich M.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/1203Цель

Цель: определить особенности течения новой коронавирусной инфекции у новорождённых и детей первого года жизни.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. В ковидный центр ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» МЗ РФ было госпитализировано 36 детей в возрасте от 8 дней до 11 мес (из них 9 детей были переведены из хирургического стационара в связи с контактом по SARS-CoV-2). Все дети были обследованы и пролечены.

Результаты

Результаты. Несмотря на тяжёлую сопутствующую хирургическую патологию у 9 пациентов, 27 детей имели лёгкое и среднетяжёлое течение болезни. Фебрильная температура была у 4 детей, субфебрильная — у 5. У остальных детей за весь период наблюдения гипертермии не отмечалось. Преобладали жалобы матерей на вялость, отказ от еды, насморк, чихание, осиплость голоса, кашель, одышку. При обследовании выявлялись гиперемия зева, слизистое отделяемое из носа, жёсткое дыхание и сухие хрипы. В общем анализе крови выявлены анемия недоношенных (либо железодефицитная анемия), лейкоцитоз со сдвигом влево (обусловленный сопутствующей хирургической патологией), лейкопения, а также изменения лейкоцитарной формулы крови; в единичных случаях — тромбоцитопения, повышение уровней D-димера, С-реактивного белка, прокальцитонина, ферритина, билирубина и аланинаминотрансферазы. Только у 6 детей со среднетяжёлым течением заболевания при компьютерной томографии грудной клетки были определены изменения, характерные для новой коронавирусной инфекции. Нарушения сердечного ритма, выявленные при ЭКГ, имели 6 детей.

Заключение

Заключение. У новорождённых и детей 1-го года жизни отмечается относительно лёгкое течение новой коронавирусной инфекции и менее выраженные лабораторно-инструментальные проявления.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Харитонова Н.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста; Харитонова Н.А., Илларионова М.С., Нестерович М.И. — сбор и обработка материала; Харитонова Н.А., Басаргина М.А. — статистическая обработка, редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Работа не имела финансовой поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Поступила 18

Поступила 18.06.2021Принята к печати 23.06.2021Опубликована 16.07.2021

The aim of the study was to assess the features of the course of new coronavirus infection in newborns and children of the first year of life.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. Thirty-six children aged eight days to 11 months were hospitalized in the covid centre of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health (of which nine children were transferred from one of the surgical hospitals in Moscow due to the contact with SARS-CoV-2).

Results

Results. Despite severe concomitant surgical pathology in 25% of patients, 98% of children had mild to moderate disease. Febrile temperature (up to a maximum of 39 °C) was observed in 4 infants, sub-febrile temperature in 5 people. In other children, for the entire period of treatment, there was no increase in temperature. Mothers’ complaints about lethargy dominated the clinical picture of the disease, followed by refusal to eat, runny nose, sneezing, swallowing voice, coughing, shortness of breath in their children. During the examination, the following signs were revealed: yawn hyperemia, mucous separated from the nose, hard breathing and dry wheezing (in 1 infant). The general blood test showed anemia (mostly related to prematurity anemia, or iron deficiency anemia), leftward leukocytosis (due to concomitant surgical pathology), leukopenia, various changes in the leukocytic formula of blood. In some instances, thrombocytopenia increased in D-dimer C-RP, procalcitonin, ferritin, bilirubin, and alanine aminotransferase. In only six infants with a moderate disease course, changes characteristic of a new coronavirus infection were identified on the chest CT scan. Six infantas had rhythm disorders detected in electrocardiographic examination (no deviations were found in echocardiographic examination).

Conclusion

Conclusion. According to both foreign literature and data obtained during our study, it can be concluded that, compared with adults, infants have a milder course of the disease and less pronounced changes obtained during laboratory and instrumental studies.

Contribution

Contribution: Kharitonova N.A. — concept and design of the study, writing the text;Kharitonova N.A., Illarionova M.S., Nesterovich M.I. — collection and processing of material; Kharitonova N.A., Basargina M.A. — statistical processing, editing. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: June 18, 2021Accepted: June 23, 2021Published: July 16, 2021

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.