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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2025-28-3-212-216</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">vpyzry</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-1651</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ, ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ И СОЦИОЛОГИЯ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ, МЕДИКО-СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ЭКСПЕРТИЗА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC HEALTH, MANAGEMENT AND SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH CARE, MEDICAL AND SOCIAL EXAMINATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патология органов пищеварения и изменения массы тела у детей дошкольного и школьного возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pathology of digestive organs and changes in body weight in preschool and school-age children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6604-1497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миропольская</surname><given-names>Кристина Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miropolskaya</surname><given-names>Kristina Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант каф. экономики и маркетинга в здравоохранении Академии постдипломного образования ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России</p><p>e-mail: miraimportant@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student of the Department of Economics and Marketing in Healthcare of the Academy of Postgraduate Education FGBU FNCC FMBA of Russia</p><p>e-mail: miraimportant@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">miraimportant@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7438-7477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочубей</surname><given-names>Аделина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochubey</surname><given-names>Adelina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф., проректор по научной работе Академии постдипломного образования ФГБУ ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России; проф. каф. организации здравоохранения и общественного здоровья, медицинского страхования и государственного контроля в сфере здравоохранения ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</p><p>e-mail: kochoubeya@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kochoubeya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-5231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вершинина</surname><given-names>Марина Германовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vershinina</surname><given-names>Marina G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, доцент, зав. каф. организации здравоохранения и общественного здоровья, медицинского страхования и государственного контроля в сфере здравоохранения ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации; гл. науч. сотр. ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: labckb@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labckb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8872-4585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняховский</surname><given-names>Олег Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyakhovsky</surname><given-names>Oleg B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф. каф. основ научно-исследовательской работы Академии постдипломного образования ФГБУ ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России</p><p>e-mail: dom@medprofediu.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dom@medprofediu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-9734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочубей</surname><given-names>Валентин Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochubey</surname><given-names>Valentin V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, доцент, зав. каф. основ научно-исследовательской работы Академии постдипломного образования ФГБУ ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России; проф. каф. факультетской хирургии № 1 ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: kochoubey@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kochoubey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal medical and biological agency of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» Федерального медико-биологического агентства; ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal medical and biological agency of Russia; Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации; ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs; The National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal medical and biological agency of Russia; Russian University of Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>212</fpage><lpage>216</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Миропольская К.Ю., Кочубей А.В., Вершинина М.Г., Черняховский О.Б., Кочубей В.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Миропольская К.Ю., Кочубей А.В., Вершинина М.Г., Черняховский О.Б., Кочубей В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Miropolskaya K.Y., Kochubey A.V., Vershinina M.G., Chernyakhovsky O.B., Kochubey V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/1651">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/1651</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Распространённость заболеваний пищеварительной системы у детей в России является одной из самых высоких, составляя 4464,7 случая на 100 тыс. населения в 2023 г. среди детей от рождения до 14 лет. Патология органов желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ) способствует нарушениям массы тела и влияет на физическое развитие детей.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы: определить распространённость заболеваний органов пищеварения и изменений массы тела у детей дошкольного и школьного возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён ретроспективный анализ данных электронных медицинских карт 456 детей в возрасте 3–18 лет, наблюдающихся в детских поликлиниках Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы. Данные выкопировки были внесены в программу SPSS, в которой выполнен статистический анализ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что у 328 (71,9%) детей имеется патология органов ЖКТ, у 25 (5,5%) детей выявлено несколько заболеваний одновременно (преимущественно холециститы в сочетании с гастритами). У 71 (21,6%) ребёнка были диагностированы гастриты, у 68 (14,9%) — язвенная болезнь, у 47 (10,4%) — гастроэзофагеальная рефлюксная болезнь, у 25 (5,5%) — холециститы в сочетании с гастритами, у 18 (3,9%) — холециститы, у 15 (3,4%) — иные формы патологии органов ЖКТ, у 7 (1,5%) — колиты. У 145 (44,2%) детей были неуточнённые формы патологии органов пищеварения, кодирующиеся по МКБ-10 как К31.9/К59.8/К59.9. Изменения массы тела были выявлены у 336 (73,7%) детей, из них у 192 (42,1%) была диагностирована избыточная масса тела, у 144 (31,6%) — недостаточная. Отягощённый семейный анамнез по патологии органов ЖКТ имели 312 (68,2%) детей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установленные закономерности свидетельствуют о необходимости повышения эффективности профилактики нарушений питания детей дошкольного и школьного возраста и значимости регулярных врачебных осмотров детей в период их быстрого роста.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Кочубей А.В., Миропольская К.Ю. — концепция и дизайн исследования; Миропольская К.Ю. — сбор и обработка материала, анализ данных, написание текста; Вершинина М.Г., Кочубей В.В. — анализ данных; Вершинина М.Г., Черняховский О.Б. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. </p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 18</title><p>Поступила 18.04.2025Принята к печати 20.05.2025Опубликована 27.06.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In children aged up to 14 years the prevalence of diseases of the digestive system in children in the Russian Federation is one of the highest, amounting to 4464.7 cases per 100,000 population in 2023. Pathology of the digestive tract contributes to weight deviations and affects the physical development in children.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim of the work</title><p>The aim of the work: to determine the prevalence of digestive organs and body weight changes in preschool and school-age children.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from electronic medical records of 456 preschool and school-age children (from 3 to 18 years old) observed in children’s polyclinics of the Moscow City Department of Health was carried out. The copying data was entered into the SPSS software, version 23 (USA), in which a statistical analysis was performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. I 328 (71.9%) children have a pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, 25 (5.5%) children were found to have several diseases at the same time (mainly cholecystitis in combination with gastritis). 71 (21.6%) children were diagnosed with gastritis, 68 (14.9%) had peptic ulcer disease, 47 (10.4%) had gastroesophageal reflux disease (GRD), 25 (5.5%) had cholecystitis combined with gastritis, 18 (3.9%) had cholecystitis, 15 (3.4%) — other forms of pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, and 7 (1.5%) — colitis. 145 (44.2%) children had unspecified forms of digestive pathology, coded according to ICD-10 as K31.9/K59.8/K59.9. Body weight changes were detected in 336 (73.7%) children, of which 192 (42.1%) children were diagnosed with overweight, 144 (31.6%) were underweight. 312 (68.2%) children had a burdened family history of digestive pathology.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The established patterns indicate to the need to increase the effectiveness of the prevention of eating disorders in preschool and school-age children and the importance of regular medical examinations of children during their rapid growth.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Kochubey A.V., Miropolskaya K.Yu. — research concept and design; Miropolskaya K.Yu. — collection and processing of material, data analysis, writing the text; Vershinina M.G., Kochubey V.V. — data analysis; Vershinina M.G., Chernyakhovsky O.B. — editing the text. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: April 18, 2025Accepted: May 20, 2025Published: June 27, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>физическое развитие</kwd><kwd>питание детей</kwd><kwd>патология органов пищеварения</kwd><kwd>изменения массы тела</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>physical development</kwd><kwd>nutrition of children</kwd><kwd>pathology of digestive organs</kwd><kwd>changes in body weight</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вихарева Е.Г., Коваленко Т.В. Эпидемиология заболеваний органов пищеварения у детей в современных условиях: региональные данные как отражение российских тенденций. 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