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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2025-28-6-448-455</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">typpsm</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-2002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические особенности течения пневмококковой инфекции у детей в зависимости от статуса вакцинации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical features of pneumococcal infection in children depending on vaccination status</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9770-2743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алачева</surname><given-names>Залина Ахмедовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alacheva</surname><given-names>Zalina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. научно-методического отделения планирования и развития ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: zalinaalacheva89@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher at the scientific and methodological department of planning and development of National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</p><p>e-mail: zalinaalacheva89@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalinaalacheva89@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6474-6766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакрадзе</surname><given-names>Майя Джемаловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakradze</surname><given-names>Maiya D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бакрадзе , доктор мед. наук, гл. науч. сотр., научно-методическое отделение планирования и развития, проф. каф. педиатрии и общественного здоровья Института подготовки медицинских кадров ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: bakradze@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bakradze@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-3375</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полякова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poliakova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доцент, вед. науч. сотр., научно-методическое отделение планирования и развития, ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: darmanyan@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">darmanyan@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1330-2828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ясаков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yasakov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр., научно-методическое отделение планирования и развития, ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: yasakov@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yasakov@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3896-2590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарева</surname><given-names>Анна Валерьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazareva</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, гл. науч. сотр., зав. лаб. молекулярной микробиологии, ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: lazarevaav@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lazarevaav@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-7946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>Андрей Петрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>Andrey P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф., директор ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: director@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">director@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>448</fpage><lpage>455</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алачева З.А., Бакрадзе М.Д., Полякова А.С., Ясаков Д.С., Лазарева А.В., Фисенко А.П., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алачева З.А., Бакрадзе М.Д., Полякова А.С., Ясаков Д.С., Лазарева А.В., Фисенко А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alacheva Z.A., Bakradze M.D., Poliakova A.S., Yasakov D.S., Lazareva A.V., Fisenko A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/2002">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/2002</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Пневмококковая инфекция является одной из ведущих причин респираторных заболеваний у детей. Несмотря на широкое внедрение пневмококковых конъюгированных вакцин, вопросы влияния вакцинального статуса на клиническое течение бактериальных респираторных инфекций остаются актуальными. В условиях растущей антибиотикорезистентности Streptococcus pneumoniae особое значение приобретает оценка подходов к выбору антибактериальной терапии у детей. Цель работы: определить клинико-лабораторные особенности течения пневмококковой инфекции и антибактериальной терапии у детей с различным вакцинальным статусом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное исследование, в которое были включены 128 детей в возрасте 6 мес до 6 лет, получавших лечение по поводу пневмонии, острого среднего отита и риносинусита. Больные были распределены на вакцинированных против S. pneumoniae (1-я группа; n = 48) и невакцинированных (2-я группа; n = 80). Анализировали клинические параметры течения заболевания (степень тяжести, уровень и длительность лихорадки), лабораторные показатели (лейкоциты, С-реактивный белок, прокальцитонин), а также особенности антибактериальной терапии (путь введения, выбор препарата, длительность лечения).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Тяжёлые формы заболевания значительно чаще регистрировались у детей 2-й группы (28,8% против 12,5%; p = 0,033). Уровень С-реактивного белка был выше в этой группе (48 мг/л против 33 мг/л; p = 0,003), тогда как различий по уровню лейкоцитов не выявлено. У больных обеих групп преимущественно применялись пероральные формы антибиотиков (87,5 и 80,0%), препаратом выбора являлся амоксициллин/клавуланат. Тенденция к более быстрому купированию лихорадки отмечена у детей 1-й группы (95,3% против 85,3%; p = 0,09), что отражало более благоприятное течение заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Вакцинация против S. pneumoniae способствует снижению тяжести респираторных бактериальных инфекций у детей и уменьшению выраженности воспалительной реакции. Эффективное использование пероральных форм антибиотиков указывает на возможность ведения большинства больных без применения парентеральных препаратов и определяет актуальность рационального выбора антибактериальной терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Алачева З.А., Бакрадзе М.Д., Лазарева А.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования; Алачева З.А., Полякова А.С., Ясаков Д.С. — сбор и обработка материала; Алачева З.А., Ясаков Д.С. — статистическая обработка, написание текста; Бакрадзе М.Д., Лазарева А.В., Фисенко А.П. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. </p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 10</title><p>Поступила 10.11.2025Принята к печати 27.11.2025Опубликована 25.12.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Pneumococcal infection remains one of the leading causes of respiratory disease in children. Despite the widespread implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, the impact of vaccination status on the clinical course of bacterial respiratory infections remains relevant. In the context of increasing antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae, the evaluation of approaches to antibiotic therapy in pediatric patients is of particular importance. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pneumococcal infections and patterns of antibiotic therapy in children with different vaccination status.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective study included 128 children aged of from 6 months to 6 years who received treatment for pneumonia, acute otitis media, or acute rhinosinusitis at the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health (Moscow, Russia). Patients were divided into those vaccinated against S. pneumoniae (Group 1; n = 48) and unvaccinated children (Group 2; n = 80). Clinical parameters (disease severity, level and duration of fever), laboratory markers (leukocyte count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin), and characteristics of antibiotic therapy (route of administration, choice of agent, duration of treatment) were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Severe disease forms were significantly more common in children of Group 2 (28.8% vs. 12.5%; p = 0.033). C-reactive protein levels were higher in the Group 2 (48 mg/L vs. 33 mg/L; p = 0.003), while leukocyte counts did not differ significantly. Oral antibiotic therapy predominated in both groups (87.5% and 80.0%), and amoxicillin/clavulanate was the first-line agent. Children of the Group 1 demonstrated a trend toward faster fever resolution (95.3% vs. 85.3%; p = 0.09).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Vaccination against S. pneumoniae is associated with milder clinical course, reduced inflammatory response, and lower prevalence of severe disease in children. Effective use of oral antibiotics supports the feasibility of managing most patients without parenteral therapy and highlights the importance of rational antibiotic selection.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Alacheva Z.A., Bakradze M.D., Lazareva A.V. — concept and design of the study; Alacheva Z.A., Poliakova A.S., Yasakov D.S. — data collection and processing; Alacheva Z.A., Yasakov D.S. — statistical processing of the data, writing the text; Bakradze M.D., Lazareva A.V., Fisenko A.P. — editing the text. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: November 10, 2025Accepted: November 27, 2025Published: December 25, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>Streptococcus pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>пневмококковая инфекция</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>child</kwd><kwd>Streptococcus pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal infection</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd><kwd>anti-bacterial agents</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Narciso A.R., Dookie R., Nannapaneni P., Normark S., Henriques-Normark B. Streptococcus pneumoniae epidemiology, pathogenesis and control. Nat. Rev. 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