<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/2026-1-2-2042</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-2042</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ грамотности родителей в вопросах здорового питания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of Parental Literacy in Healthy Nutrition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6604-1497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миропольская</surname><given-names>К. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miropolskaya</surname><given-names>K. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миропольская Кристина Юрьевна, аспирант </p><p>125371, Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khristina Yu. Miropolskaya, postgraduate student</p><p>125371, Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kmiropolskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-5231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вершинина</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vershinina</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вершинина Марина Германовна, д-р мед. наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой организации здравоохранения и общественного здоровья, медицинского страхования и государственного контроля в сфере здравоохранения; гл. науч. сотр. </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina G. Vershinina, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head of the Department organizations of healthcare and public health, medical insurance and state control in the field of healthcare; Chief Scientific Officer</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labckb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7438-7477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочубей</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochubey</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кочубей Аделина Владимировна, д-р мед. наук, профессор, проректор по научной работе Академии постдипломного образования; профессор кафедры организации здравоохранения и общественного здоровья, медицинского страхования и государственного контроля в сфере здравоохранения</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Adelina V. Kochubey, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Economics and Marketing in Healthcare, Academy of postgraduate education under; Professor of the department organizations of healthcare and public health, medical insurance and state control in the field of healthcare</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kochoubeya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия постдипломного образования ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации ; ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central State Medical Academy of the Presidential Executive Office of the Russian Federation ; National Medical Research Center for Children's Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия постдипломного образования ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий» Федерального медико-биологического агентства ; ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Postgraduate Education Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia ; Central State Medical Academy of the Presidential Executive Office of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Миропольская К.Ю., Вершинина М.Г., Кочубей А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Миропольская К.Ю., Вершинина М.Г., Кочубей А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Miropolskaya K.Y., Vershinina M.G., Kochubey A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/2042">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/2042</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Грамотность родителей в вопросах пищевого поведения ребёнка существенно влияет на здоровье человека по мере его взросления.</p><p>Цель ― оценка знаний здорового питания и их сравнение с реализацией принципов здорового питания в семье путём анкетирования родителей детей старшего дошкольного и школьного возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. На базе общеобразовательной школы и детского дошкольного учреждения г. Москвы проведено очное анкетирование родителей (319 матерей) детей в возрасте 6‒17 лет. Вопросы анкеты касались социальнодемографических характеристик респондентов, уровня их пищевой грамотности в соответствии с международными и национальными рекомендациями по рациональному питанию, а также практической реализации принципов здорового питания в повседневной жизни.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Знают о принципах здорового питания 230 (72,1%) матерей, реализуют здоровое пищевое поведение ― 145 (45,5%). Чем выше уровень пищевой грамотности матери, тем больше здоровых пищевых привычек она имеет (r=0,186; p &lt;0,001). Матери, указавшие на более высокий доход в семье, имеют лучшую пищевую грамотность, регулярность завтраков в семье, демонстрируют более низкое потребление алкоголя и большее потребление овощей и белка на фоне более высокого потребления быстрых углеводов (p &lt;0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Медицинским работникам детских образовательных учреждений актуально инициировать оценку пищевой грамотности матерей и соблюдения ими принципов здорового питания в семье с целью усиления просветительской работы в отношении пищевого поведения детей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Parental literacy in matters of nutrition is a factor capable of significantly influencing eating behavior and, subsequently, the health of children.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to assess and compare knowledge of healthy nutrition with the implementation of healthy nutrition principles in the family by mothers of children of older preschool and school ages.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A face-to-face survey of 319 mothers of children aged 6 to 17 was conducted in a comprehensive school and kindergarten in Moscow. The questionnaire included questions on socio-demographic characteristics, to assess knowledge of healthy nutrition and adherence to healthy eating habits. For the analysis, proportions and mean values were calculated and compared, and correlation coefficients were determined in SPSS.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 230 (72.1%) mothers know the principles of healthy nutrition, 145 (45.5%) implement healthy eating behavior. The higher the level of maternal nutrition literacy, the more healthy eating habits she has (r=0.186; p &lt;0.001). Mothers who reported higher family income have better nutrition literacy, demonstrate lower alcohol consumption, higher consumption of vegetables and protein, regular breakfast consumption, but higher consumption of fast carbohydrates (p &lt;0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It is relevant for medical workers of children’s educational institutions to initiate the assessment of mothers’ nutrition literacy and their adherence to the principles of healthy nutrition in the family.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пищевая грамотность</kwd><kwd>пищевые привычки</kwd><kwd>питание детей</kwd><kwd>опрос родителей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nutrition literacy</kwd><kwd>eating habits</kwd><kwd>children’s nutrition</kwd><kwd>parent survey</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Costarelli V, Michou M, Panagiotakos DB, Lionis C. Parental health literacy and nutrition literacy affect child feeding practices: a cross-sectional study. Nutr Health. 2022;28(1):59–68. doi: 10.1177/02601060211001489</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Costarelli V, Michou M, Panagiotakos DB, Lionis C. Parental health literacy and nutrition literacy affect child feeding practices: a cross-sectional study. Nutr Health. 2022;28(1):59–68. doi: 10.1177/02601060211001489</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aslan G, Savci Bakan AB, Aktaş B. Nutrition literacy levels of mothers with children aged five and below and the body mass index of their children. Women Health. 2023;63(2):97–104. doi: 10.1080/03630242.2022.2158414</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aslan G, Savci Bakan AB, Aktaş B. Nutrition literacy levels of mothers with children aged five and below and the body mass index of their children. Women Health. 2023;63(2):97–104. doi: 10.1080/03630242.2022.2158414</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmadi F, Karamitanha F. Health literacy and nutrition literacy among mother with preschool children: what factors are effective? Prev Med Rep. 2023;35:102323. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102323</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmadi F, Karamitanha F. Health literacy and nutrition literacy among mother with preschool children: what factors are effective? Prev Med Rep. 2023;35:102323. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102323</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gray HL, Buro AW, Sinha S. Associations among parents’ eating behaviors, feeding practices, and children’s eating behaviors. Matern Child Health J. 2023;27(2):202–209. doi: 10.1007/s10995-022-03572-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gray HL, Buro AW, Sinha S. Associations among parents’ eating behaviors, feeding practices, and children’s eating behaviors. Matern Child Health J. 2023;27(2):202–209. doi: 10.1007/s10995-022-03572-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mahmood L, Flores-Barrantes P, Moreno LA, et al. The influence of parental dietary behaviors and practices on children’s eating habits. Nutrients. 2021;13(4):1138. doi: 10.3390/nu13041138</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mahmood L, Flores-Barrantes P, Moreno LA, et al. The influence of parental dietary behaviors and practices on children’s eating habits. Nutrients. 2021;13(4):1138. doi: 10.3390/nu13041138</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Graf MD, Wasser H, Lynn MR, et al. Parental food selection questionnaire: infant version. Appetite. 2023;186:106548. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106548</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Graf MD, Wasser H, Lynn MR, et al. Parental food selection questionnaire: infant version. Appetite. 2023;186:106548. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106548</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baughcum AE, Powers SW, Johnson SB, et al. Maternal feeding practices and beliefs and their relationships to overweight in early childhood. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2001;22(6):391–408. doi: 10.1097/00004703-200112000-00007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baughcum AE, Powers SW, Johnson SB, et al. Maternal feeding practices and beliefs and their relationships to overweight in early childhood. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2001;22(6):391–408. doi: 10.1097/00004703-200112000-00007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rowlands G, Trezona A, Russell S, et al. What is the evidence on methods, frameworks and indicators used to evaluate health literacy policies, programmes and interventions at the regional, national and organizational levels? [Internet]. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rowlands G, Trezona A, Russell S, et al. What is the evidence on methods, frameworks and indicators used to evaluate health literacy policies, programmes and interventions at the regional, national and organizational levels? [Internet]. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aslan Gonul B, Cicek B. The effect of parents’ nutrition literacy on children’s oral-health-related quality of life. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024;21(9):1190. doi: 10.3390/ĳerph21091190</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aslan Gonul B, Cicek B. The effect of parents’ nutrition literacy on children’s oral-health-related quality of life. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024;21(9):1190. doi: 10.3390/ĳerph21091190</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tartaglia J, McIntosh M, Jancey J, et al. Exploring feeding practices and food literacy in parents with young children from disadvantaged areas. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4):1496. doi: 10.3390/ĳerph18041496</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tartaglia J, McIntosh M, Jancey J, et al. Exploring feeding practices and food literacy in parents with young children from disadvantaged areas. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4):1496. doi: 10.3390/ĳerph18041496</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoon J, Kang SJ, Lee M, Cho J. Development and validation of the Health Literacy Index for the Community for the Korean National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey. Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024061. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2024061</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoon J, Kang SJ, Lee M, Cho J. Development and validation of the Health Literacy Index for the Community for the Korean National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey. Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024061. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2024061</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peña S, Frenn M, Garcia J, et al. Nutrition literacy, neighborhood, and diet. Public Health Nurs. 2025;42(2):631–640. doi: 10.1111/phn.13488</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peña S, Frenn M, Garcia J, et al. Nutrition literacy, neighborhood, and diet. Public Health Nurs. 2025;42(2):631–640. doi: 10.1111/phn.13488</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoteit M, Mohsen H, Hanna-Wakim L, Sacre Y. Parent’s food literacy and adolescents’ nutrition literacy influence household food security and adolescent malnutrition and anemia. Front Nutr. 2022;9:1053552. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1053552</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoteit M, Mohsen H, Hanna-Wakim L, Sacre Y. Parent’s food literacy and adolescents’ nutrition literacy influence household food security and adolescent malnutrition and anemia. Front Nutr. 2022;9:1053552. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1053552</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наркевич А.Н., Виноградов К.А. Методы определения минимально необходимого объема выборки в медицинских исследованиях. Социальные аспекты здоровья населения. 2019;65(6):10. EDN: MRAPST</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Наркевич А.Н., Виноградов К.А. Методы определения минимально необходимого объема выборки в медицинских исследованиях. Социальные аспекты здоровья населения. 2019;65(6):10. EDN: MRAPST</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ma L, Xu H, Zhang Z, et al. Nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and dietary practices among parents of children and adolescents in Weifang, China: a cross-sectional study. Prev Med Rep. 2023;35:102396. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102396</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ma L, Xu H, Zhang Z, et al. Nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and dietary practices among parents of children and adolescents in Weifang, China: a cross-sectional study. Prev Med Rep. 2023;35:102396. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102396</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herrán Murillo YF, Varela Arévalo MT. Child eating habits and its relation to parental practices and nutritional knowledge. Rev Chil Nutr. 2023;50(6):617–626. doi: 10.4067/s0717-75182023000600617</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herrán Murillo YF, Varela Arévalo MT. Child eating habits and its relation to parental practices and nutritional knowledge. Rev Chil Nutr. 2023;50(6):617–626. doi: 10.4067/s0717-75182023000600617</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gebeyehu YB, Yeneabat BY, Daniel AE, Zewdu BA. Parents’ knowledge, attitude, and practice on nutrition of children with severe acute malnutrition in Awi Zone public hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia. Front Nutr. 2025;12:1481738. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1481738</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gebeyehu YB, Yeneabat BY, Daniel AE, Zewdu BA. Parents’ knowledge, attitude, and practice on nutrition of children with severe acute malnutrition in Awi Zone public hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia. Front Nutr. 2025;12:1481738. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1481738</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pintér HK, Nagy VA, Csobod ÉC, et al. Health literacy and nutrition of adolescent patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Nutrients. 2025;17(15):2458. doi: 10.3390/nu17152458</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pintér HK, Nagy VA, Csobod ÉC, et al. Health literacy and nutrition of adolescent patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Nutrients. 2025;17(15):2458. doi: 10.3390/nu17152458</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y, Wang S, Shi M, et al. Awareness of nutrition and health knowledge and its influencing factors among wuhan residents. Front Public Health. 2022;10:987755. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.987755</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu Y, Wang S, Shi M, et al. Awareness of nutrition and health knowledge and its influencing factors among wuhan residents. Front Public Health. 2022;10:987755. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.987755</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Powell L, Isgor Z, Pipito A, et al. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among adults, Cook County IL, 2017. Univ Illinois Chicago; 2022. doi: 10.25417/uic.17124200.v1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Powell L, Isgor Z, Pipito A, et al. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among adults, Cook County IL, 2017. Univ Illinois Chicago; 2022. doi: 10.25417/uic.17124200.v1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scalvedi ML, Gennaro L, Saba A, Rossi L. Relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake: an assessment among Italian adults. Front Nutr. 2021;8:714493. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.714493</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scalvedi ML, Gennaro L, Saba A, Rossi L. Relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake: an assessment among Italian adults. Front Nutr. 2021;8:714493. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.714493</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nishinakagawa M, Sakurai R, Nemoto Y, et al. Influence of education and subjective financial status on dietary habits among adults in Japan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2023;23:1230. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16131-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nishinakagawa M, Sakurai R, Nemoto Y, et al. Influence of education and subjective financial status on dietary habits among adults in Japan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2023;23:1230. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16131-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang J, He Z, Xu M, et al. Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardiocerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1161175. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1161175</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang J, He Z, Xu M, et al. Socioeconomic status may affect association of vegetable intake with risk of ischemic cardiocerebral vascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1161175. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1161175</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu Y, Geldsetzer P, Manne-Goehler J, et al. The socioeconomic gradient of alcohol use: analysis of survey data from 55 low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet Glob Health. 2022;10(9):e1268–1280. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00273-X</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu Y, Geldsetzer P, Manne-Goehler J, et al. The socioeconomic gradient of alcohol use: analysis of survey data from 55 low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet Glob Health. 2022;10(9):e1268–1280. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00273-X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Biadgilign S, Mgutshini T, Gebremichael B, et al. Association between dietary intake, eating behavior, and childhood obesity among children and adolescents in Ethiopia. BMJ Nutr Prev Health. 2023;6(2):203–211. doi: 10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000415</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biadgilign S, Mgutshini T, Gebremichael B, et al. Association between dietary intake, eating behavior, and childhood obesity among children and adolescents in Ethiopia. BMJ Nutr Prev Health. 2023;6(2):203–211. doi: 10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000415</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sdravou K, Emmanouilidou-Fotoulaki E, Printza A, et al. Mealtime environment and control of food intake in healthy children and in children with gastrointestinal diseases. Children. 2021;8(2):77. doi: 10.3390/children8020077</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sdravou K, Emmanouilidou-Fotoulaki E, Printza A, et al. Mealtime environment and control of food intake in healthy children and in children with gastrointestinal diseases. Children. 2021;8(2):77. doi: 10.3390/children8020077</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Almeida C, Azevedo J, Gregório MJ, et al. Parental practices, preferences, skills and attitudes on food consumption of pre-school children: results from the nutriscience project. PLoS One. 2021;16(5):e0251620. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251620</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Almeida C, Azevedo J, Gregório MJ, et al. Parental practices, preferences, skills and attitudes on food consumption of pre-school children: results from the nutriscience project. PLoS One. 2021;16(5):e0251620. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251620</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zaidman EA, Scott KM, Hahn D, et al. Impact of parental health literacy on health outcomes of children with chronic disease: a systematic review. J Paediatr Child Health. 2023;59(1):12–31. doi: 10.1111/jpc.16297</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaidman EA, Scott KM, Hahn D, et al. Impact of parental health literacy on health outcomes of children with chronic disease: a systematic review. J Paediatr Child Health. 2023;59(1):12–31. doi: 10.1111/jpc.16297</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
