<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2022-25-3-177-185</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">domnke</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-328</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ПЕДИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIAL PEDIATRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Причины больничной летальности среди детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Causes of in-hospital pediatric mortality</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6313-3810</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терлецкая</surname><given-names>Римма Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terletskaya</surname><given-names>Rimma N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф., гл. науч. сотр. лаб. социальной педиатрии и качества жизни ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России.</p><p>e-mail: rterletskaya@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci, Professor, Project Leader Laboratory of social paediatrics and quality of life of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: rterletskaya@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rterletskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1049-9373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зелинская</surname><given-names>Дина Ильинична</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zelinskaya</surname><given-names>Dina I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. поликлинической и социальной педиатрии ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России.</p><p>e-mail: di.zel@list.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">di.zel@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>177</fpage><lpage>185</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Терлецкая Р.Н., Зелинская Д.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Терлецкая Р.Н., Зелинская Д.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Terletskaya R.N., Zelinskaya D.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/328">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/328</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы — определить тенденции и причины больничной летальности среди детского населения Российской Федерации, установить взаимосвязь её уровней с ресурсным обеспечением медицинской помощи.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучены уровень и структура причин больничной летальности среди детей Российской Федерации, умерших в стационарах за 2015–2020 гг. Устанавливалась взаимосвязь её уровня с ресурсным обеспечением медицинской помощи детям (медицинские кадры, коечный фонд).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Больничная летальность среди детей всех возрастов уменьшалась в течение указанного периода, в её структуре наибольшая доля приходилась на отдельные состояния перинатального периода, врождённые аномалии и новообразования. На фоне выявленного снижения уровня больничной летальности отмечены неблагоприятные тенденции этого показателя среди детей в возрасте 0–17 лет, умерших в стационарах от врождённых аномалий, болезней нервной, эндокринной и мочеполовой систем. В динамике больничной летальности среди детей в возрасте до 1 года жизни имелись аналогичные тенденции, т.е. постепенное снижение. Однако отмечен рост числа смертей детей от болезней нервной, эндокринной систем и новообразований. В структуре больничной летальности в данной возрастной группе большую долю составляли отдельные состояния перинатального периода, врождённые аномалии и болезни нервной системы. Отмечено неустойчивое снижение досуточной летальности во всех возрастных группах. Среди умерших в 1-е сутки поступления в стационар подавляющее большинство составляли дети в возрасте до 1 года. Выявлена значимая корреляция уровней больничной летальности с обеспеченностью педиатрами и неонатологами и с уровнями их квалификации. Обратная корреляция больничной летальности установлена с обеспеченностью койками патологии новорождённых и недоношенных детей и меньшая (статистически не значимая) — с педиатрическими и специализированными койками.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Уровень и структура больничной летальности среди детей должны служить важным критерием при оценке качества медицинской помощи в педиатрических стационарах и являться основанием для разработки дифференцированных мероприятий по её снижению.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Терлецкая Р.Н. — концепция и дизайн исследования, статистическая обработка;Терлецкая Р.Н., Зелинская Д.И. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста;Зелинская Д.И. — редактирование.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 25</title><p>Поступила 25.05.2022Принята к печати 10.06.2022Опубликована 14.07.2022</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the study is to determine the trends and causes of in-hospital mortality among the children’s population of the Russian Federation, to establish the relationship of its level with the resource provision of medical care.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The level and structure of the causes of in-hospital mortality in children’s population of the Russian Federation over 2015–2020 were studied. The interrelation between its level and the resource provision of medical care for children (medical personnel, bed fund) was established.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Against the background of the revealed decrease in the level of in-hospital mortality, unfavourable trends in mortality of children aged 0–17 years from congenital anomalies, diseases of the nervous, endocrine and genitourinary systems were noted. In its structure, the largest share was accounted for by individual conditions of the perinatal period, congenital anomalies and neoplasms. There were similar trends, i.e. gradual decrease, in the trend in in- hospital mortality among children under the age of 1 year of life. However, there was an increase in mortality of children from diseases of the nervous, endocrine systems and neoplasms. In the structure of in-hospital mortality, the largest proportion were individual conditions of the perinatal period, congenital anomalies and diseases of the nervous system. There was an unstable decrease in daily mortality in all age groups. Among those who died on the first day of admission to the hospital, the overwhelming majority were children under 1 year of life. A statistically significant correlation of the level of in-hospital mortality with the provision of medical personnel (pediatricians, and neonatologists) and with the level of their qualifications was revealed. The greatest degree of inverse correlation of hospital mortality was established with the provision of pathology of newborns and premature babies with beds and less (statistically not significant) with pediatric and specialized beds.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The level and structure of pediatric in-hospital mortality should serve as an important criterion in assessing the quality of medical care in inpatient medical institutions and be the basis for the development of differentiated measures to reduce it.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution of authors</title><p>Contribution of authors:Terletskaya R.N. — concept and design of the study, statistical processing;Terletskaya R.N., Zelinskaya D.I. — collection and processing of material, writing the text;Zelinskaya D.I. — editing.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. </p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: May 25, 2022Accepted: June 10, 2022Published: July 14, 2022</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>больничная летальность</kwd><kwd>медицинские организации</kwd><kwd>медицинская помощь</kwd><kwd>медицинские кадры</kwd><kwd>коечный фонд</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>hospital mortality</kwd><kwd>medical organizations</kwd><kwd>medical care</kwd><kwd>medical personnel</kwd><kwd>bed capacity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зелинская Д.И., Терлецкая Р.Н. Больничная летальность среди детей первого года жизни в Российской Федерации и перспективы ее снижения. Вопросы современной педиатрии. 2007; 6(6): 13-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zelinskaya D.I., Terletskaya R.N. Hospital infant mortality in the Russian Federation and perspectives for its reduction. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii. 2007; 6(6): 13–9. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Стародубов В.И., Ступак В.С., Маношкина Е.М., Сон И.М. Тенденции заболеваемости и больничной летальности от новообразований до и во время новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19. Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2021; 76(6): 612-21. https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn1648</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Starodubov V.I., Stupak V.S., Manoshkina E.M., Son I.M. Trends in morbidity and hospital lethality from neoplasms before and during the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Vestnik Rossiyskoy akademii meditsinskikh nauk. 2021; 76(6): 612–21. https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn1648 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сон И.М., Стародубов В.И., Маношкина Е.М., Ступак В.С. Тенденции показателей заболеваемости и больничной летальности от болезней системы кровообращения на фоне новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19. Профилактическая медицина. 2021; 24(11): 7-14. https://doi.org/10.17116/profmed2021241117</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Son I.M., Starodubov V.I., Manoshkina E.M., Stupak V.S. Trends in morbidity and hospital mortality from diseases of the circulatory system against the background of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Profilakticheskaya meditsina. 2021; 24(11): 7–14. https://doi.org/10.17116/profmed 2021241117 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шишкин Е.В. Травматизм, как важнейший аспект госпитализированной заболеваемости населения. Уральский медицинский журнал. 2020; (1): 128-34. https://doi.org/10.25694/URMJ.2020.01.23</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shishkin E.V. Injuries as a critical aspect of hospitalized morbidity. Ural’skiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2020; (1): 128–34. https://doi.org/10.25694/URMJ.2020.01.23 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Орлов А.Е., Суслин С.А., Павлов В.В. Анализ больничной летальности в городской многопрофильной больнице. Забайкальский медицинский вестник. 2015; (1): 63-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orlov A.E., Suslin S.A., Pavlov V.V. Analysis hospital mortality in city multi-profile hospital. Zabaykal’skiy meditsinskiy vestnik. 2015; (1): 63–7. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колосов В.П., Манаков Л.Г., Полянская Е.В. Больничная летальность, как индикатор эффективности формирования и использования ресурсного потенциала пульмонологии. В кн.: Системный анализ в медицине: Материалы XIII международной научной конференции. Благовещенск; 2019: 164-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolosov V.P., Manakov L.G., Polyanskaya E.V. Hospital mortality as an indicator of the effectiveness of the formation and use of the resource potential of pulmonology. In: System Analysis in Medicine: Proceedings of the XIII International Scientific Conference [Sistemnyy analiz v meditsine: Materialy XIII mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferentsii]. Blagoveshchensk; 2019: 164–9. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щепин В.О. Структурно-функциональный анализ коечного фонда лечебно-профилактических организаций государственной системы здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Проблемы социальной гигиены, здравоохранения и истории медицины. 2014; 22(1): 15-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchepin V.O. The structural functional analysis of beds stock of curative preventive organizations of the state public health system of the Russian Federation. Problemy sotsial’noy gigieny, zdravookhraneniya i istorii meditsiny. 2014; 22(1): 15–8. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рассказова В.Н., Кику П.Ф., Пак О.И., Крыжановский С.П., Логинова О.В., Савченко С.В. и др. Оценка качества медицинской помощи в высокотехнологичном медицинском центре. Здравоохранение Российской Федерации. 2019; 63(5): 228-36. https://doi.org/10.18821/0044-197X-2019-63-5-228-236</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rasskazova V.N., Kiku P.F., Pak O.I., Kryzhanovskiy S.P., Loginova O.V., Savchenko S.V., et al. Assessment of quality of medical care at the high-tech medical center. Zdravookhranenie Rossiyskoy Federatsii. 2019; 63(5): 228–36. https://doi.org/10.18821/0044-197X-2019-63-5-228-236 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Орлов А.Е. Формирование управленческих решений на основе анализа больничной летальности многопрофильного стационара. Известия Самарского научного центра Российской академии наук. 2014; 16(5-4): 1523-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orlov A.E. Formation the administrative decisions on the bases of analysis the hospital lethality at versatile hospital. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk. 2014; 16(5-4): 1523–6. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Shi Q., Zhong G., Lei X., Lin J., Fu Z., et al. Biomarker-based score for predicting in-hospital mortality of children admitted to the intensive care unit. J. Investig. Med. 2021; 69(8): 1458-63. https://doi.org/10.1136/jim-2021-001855</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y., Shi Q., Zhong G., Lei X., Lin J., Fu Z., et al. Biomarker-based score for predicting in-hospital mortality of children admitted to the intensive care unit. J. Investig. Med. 2021; 69(8): 1458–63. https://doi.org/10.1136/jim-2021-001855</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bell E.F., Hintz S.R., Hansen N.I., Bann C.M., Wyckoff M.H., DeMauro S.B., et al. Mortality, in-hospital morbidity, care practices, and 2-year outcomes for extremely preterm infants in the US, 2013-2018. JAMA. 2022; 327(3): 248-63. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.23580</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bell E.F., Hintz S.R., Hansen N.I., Bann C.M., Wyckoff M.H., DeMauro S.B., et al. Mortality, in-hospital morbidity, care practices, and 2-year outcomes for extremely preterm infants in the US, 2013-2018. JAMA. 2022; 327(3): 248–63. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.23580</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng G., Wu J., Chen P., Hu Y., Zhang H., Wang J., et al. Characteristics of in-hospital mortality of congenital heart disease (CHD) after surgical treatment in children from 2005 to 2017: a single-center experience. BMC Pediatr. 2021; 21(1): 521. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02935-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng G., Wu J., Chen P., Hu Y., Zhang H., Wang J., et al. Characteristics of in-hospital mortality of congenital heart disease (CHD) after surgical treatment in children from 2005 to 2017: a single-center experience. BMC Pediatr. 2021; 21(1): 521. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-021-02935-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin J., Zhang Y., Song A., Yang N., Ying L., Dai J.Comparison of a new predictive model with other critical scores for predicting in-hospital mortality among children with pneumonia-related bacteremia. J. Investig. Med. 2021; 69(7): 1339-43. https://doi.org/10.1136/jim-2020-001688</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin J., Zhang Y., Song A., Yang N., Ying L., Dai J. Comparison of a new predictive model with other critical scores for predicting in-hospital mortality among children with pneumonia-related bacteremia. J. Investig. Med. 2021; 69(7): 1339–43. https://doi.org/10.1136/jim-2020-001688</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee M.W., Goh A.E. Mortality in children hospitalised with respiratory syncytial virus infection in Singapore. Singapore Med. J. 2021; 62(12): 642-6. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2020075</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee M.W., Goh A.E. Mortality in children hospitalised with respiratory syncytial virus infection in Singapore. Singapore Med. J. 2021; 62(12): 642–6. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2020075</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoon T.J., Ko Y., Lee J., Huh Y., Kim J.H. Performance of the BIG score in predicting mortality in normotensive children with trauma. Pediatr. Emerg. Care. 2021; 37(12): e1582-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000002122</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoon T.J., Ko Y., Lee J., Huh Y., Kim J.H. Performance of the BIG score in predicting mortality in normotensive children with trauma. Pediatr. Emerg. Care. 2021; 37(12): e1582–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000002122</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Терлецкая Р.Н., Фисенко А.П., Тимофеева А.Г., Конова С.Р. Причины детской смертности вне медицинских организаций. Российский педиатрический журнал. 2020; 23(5): 304-12. https://doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2020-23-5-304-312</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terletskaya R.N., Fisenko A.P., Timofeeva A.G., Konova S.R. Causes of pediatric out-of-hospital deaths. Rossiyskiy pediatricheskiy zhurnal. 2020; 23(5): 304–12. https://doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2020-23-5-304-312 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Willcox M.L., Price J., Scott S., Nicholson B.D., Stuart B., Roberts N.W., et al. Death audits and reviews for reducing maternal, perinatal and child mortality. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2020; 3(3): CD012982. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012982.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Willcox M.L., Price J., Scott S., Nicholson B.D., Stuart B., Roberts N.W., et al. Death auditsand reviews for reducing maternal, perinatal and child mortality. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2020; 3(3): CD012982. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012982.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cahyanti R.D., Widyawati W., Hakimi M. The reliability of maternal audit instruments to assign cause of death in maternal deaths review process: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021; 21(1): 380. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03840-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cahyanti R.D., Widyawati W., Hakimi M. The reliability of maternal audit instruments to assign cause of death in maternal deaths review process: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021; 21(1): 380. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03840-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harwood R., Yan H., Talawila Da Camara N., Smith C., Ward J., Tudur-Smith C., et al. Which children and young people are at higher risk of severe disease and death after hospitalisation with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young people: A systematic review and individual patient meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2022; 44: 101287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101287</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harwood R., Yan H., Talawila Da Camara N., Smith C., Ward J., Tudur-Smith C., et al. Which children and young people are at higher risk of severe disease and death after hospitalisation with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young people: A systematic review and individual patient meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2022; 44: 101287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101287</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
