rospedРоссийский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. СтуденикинаM.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric JournalФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России10.46563/1560-9561-2022-25-2-139-146kinehnrosped-342Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSВакцинация против новой коронавирусной инфекции SARS-CoV-2. Современное состояние проблемыVaccination against the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2. The current state of the problemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3586-4031ГалицкаяМарина ГеннадьевнаGalitskayaMarina G.

Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. Центра профилактической педиатрии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России.

e-mail: galitskaya.mg@nczd.ru

MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, Department of Preventive Pediatrics of National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.

e-mail: galitskaya.mg@nczd.ru

galitskaya.mg@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-7946ФисенкоАндрей ПетровичFisenkoAndrey P.

Доктор мед. наук, проф., директор ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России; проф. каф. многопрофильной клинической подготовки факультета фундаментальной медицины ФГБОУ ВО «МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова».

e-mail: director@nczd.ru

director@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3056-403XМакароваСветлана ГеннадиевнаMakarovaSvetlana G.

Доктор мед. наук, руководитель центра профилактической педиатрии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России, проф. каф. многопрофильной клинической подготовки факультета фундаментальной медицины ФГБОУ ВО «МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова».

e-mail: sm27@yandex.ru

sm27@yandex.ruФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Center for Children’s HealthФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health; Lomonosov Moscow State University202229092023252139146Copyright © Галицкая М.Г., Фисенко А.П., Макарова С.Г., 20232023Галицкая М.Г., Фисенко А.П., Макарова С.Г.Galitskaya M.G., Fisenko A.P., Makarova S.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/342

Вакцины против новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19 или SARS-CoV-2) разрабатывались беспрецедентными темпами с начала пандемии. Некоторые из них получили разрешение на массовое производство уже на этапе клинических испытаний. Сейчас в мире вакцины против COVID-19 применяются в больших масштабах. В обзоре дана характеристика различных по структуре и механизму действия вакцин, используемых как за рубежом, так и в России. Приведены данные клинических исследований об их эффективности и безопасности. Показано, что в условиях пандемии COVID-19 самым эффективным методом профилактики является вакцинация, которая способна существенно уменьшить заболеваемость и смертность от новой коронавирусной инфекции. Рассматриваются нюансы вакцинопрофилактики коронавируса, такие как необходимость бустерной дозы, вакцинация детей и подростков; описаны редкие нежелательные явления. Однако, учитывая относительно небольшой опыт и непродолжительность использования вакцин против коронавируса, остаётся множество вопросов, касающихся вакцинации младенцев и лиц с нарушениями в иммунной системе, влияния изменений штаммов коронавируса на эффективность применяемых вакцин и др. Авторы рекомендуют применять знания о вакцинах против CОVID-19 в повседневной практике, постоянно обновляя их, что косвенно поможет обеспечить максимальный охват вакцинацией населения от коронавируса, в том числе детей и подростков.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Галицкая М.Г., Макарова С.Г. — концепция и дизайн исследования;Галицкая М.Г. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста;Макарова С.Г., Фисенко А.П. — редактирование.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. 

Поступила 28

Поступила 28.03.2022Принята в печать 26.04.2022Опубликована 07.05.2022 

Vaccines against the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2) have been developed at an unprecedented pace since the beginning of the pandemic. Some of them have received permission for mass production already at the stage of clinical trials. COVID vaccines are now being used on a large scale over the world. In the review article describes the characteristics of used both abroad and in Russia COVID vaccines, differed in structure and mechanism of action. The data of clinical research on their efficiency and safety is presented. In modern conditions of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, vaccination was shown to be the most effective method of prevention, which can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality due to coronavirus. There are considered such nuances of coronavirus vaccination, as the need for a booster dose, vaccination of children and adolescents. Rare adverse events are described. However, given the relatively small experience and short duration of the use of coronavirus vaccines, there are many questions concerning vaccination of persons with disorders in the immune system, vaccination of infants, the impact of changes in coronavirus strains on the effectiveness of the vaccines used, and many others. All these issues require further research, which continues all over the world. The authors recommend applying the knowledge about COVID vaccines in daily practice, constantly updating them, which will indirectly help to ensure maximum vaccination coverage of the population against coronavirus, including children and adolescents.

Contribution

Contribution:Galitskaya M.G., Makarova S.G. — research concept and design of the study;Galitskaya M.G. — collection and processing of material and text writing;Makarova S.G., Fisenko A.P. — editing.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship. 

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: March 28, 2022Accepted: April 26, 2022Published: May 07, 2022

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(in Russian) https://doi.org/10.24110/0031-403X-2021-100-6-15-22

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.