rospedРоссийский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. СтуденикинаM.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric JournalФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-5-360-367dhofeqrosped-368Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSИзменения микробиоты кишечника при аутизме у детей: патогенетическое значение и пути коррекцииChanges in the gut microbiota in autism in children: pathogenetic significance and ways of correctionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8165-6567СмирноваГалина ИвановнаSmirnovaGalina I.

Доктор мед. наук, проф., каф. педиатрии и детских инфекционных болезней Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет).

e-mail: gismirnova@yandex.ru

 

MD, PhD, DSci., Prof., Professor of the Department of pediatrics and pediatric infectious diseases of the N.F. Filatov Clinical Institute for Child Health of Sechenov University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.

e-mail: gismirnova@yandex.ru

gismirnova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2917-9318МуленковаАлёна ВалерьевнаMulenkovaAlena V.

Студентка 6 курса Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова Сеченовского Университета

noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-9121-5732СуслопароваПолина СергеевнаSusloparovaPolina S.

Студентка 6 курса Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова Сеченовского Университета

noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9087-1656КорсунскийАнатолий АлександровичКоrsunskiyAnatoliy A.

Доктор мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. педиатрии и детских инфекционных болезней Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова Сеченовского Университета

noemail@neicon.ruФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)202317112023265360367Copyright © Смирнова Г.И., Муленкова А.В., Суслопарова П.С., Корсунский А.А., 20232023Смирнова Г.И., Муленкова А.В., Суслопарова П.С., Корсунский А.А.Smirnova G.I., Mulenkova A.V., Susloparova P.S., Коrsunskiy A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/368

Представлен систематический обзор данных о взаимосвязях микробиоты кишечника и расстройств аутистического спектра (РАС) у детей. Поиск был проведён в базах данных PubMed, Google Academic и Web of Science по ключевым словам «аутизм», «расстройство аутистического спектра», «микробиота кишечника». Были рассмотрены статьи, опубликованные в период с января 2000 г. по август 2023 г., предпочтение было отдано данным, полученным в последние годы. Установлено, что у 40% детей с РАС имеются различные по форме и тяжести проявления гастроинтестинальной дисфункции (запоры, диарея, хроническая абдоминальная боль и др.), которые сопутствуют психопатологическим симптомам и коррелируют с тяжестью РАС. Нарушения кишечной микробиоты выявляются более чем в 80% случаев РАС у детей. Установлено, что представители филов Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes и Proteobacteria являются самыми распространёнными в микробиоте кишечника у детей с РАС, хотя их качественные и количественные соотношения при РАС различаются. У больных РАС выявлено уменьшение содержания представителей фила Firmicutes и относительно высокая распространённость Bacteroidetes, продуцирующих короткоцепочечные жирные кислоты и благодаря этому способных влиять на центральную нервную систему и поведение при аутизме. Различия биоразнообразия микробиоты кишечника при РАС определяются неоднородностью демографических и географических характеристик, различиями диеты, сопутствующих форм патологии, тяжести поведенческих и гастроинтестинальных симптомов, разными методами анализа и лечения. Модификация кишечного микробиома с помощью трансплантации фекальной микробиоты является потенциально самым перспективным способом улучшения желудочно-кишечных и поведенческих симптомов при РАС у детей.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Cмирнова Г.И. — концепция и дизайн работы;Муленкова А.В., Суслопарова П.С. — сбор и обработка материала;Смирнова Г.И., Муленкова А.В., Суслопарова П.С. — написание текста;Корсунский А.А. — редактирование.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Поступила 23

Поступила 23.08.2023Принята к печати 12.09.2023Опубликована 31.10.2023

A systematic review of data on the interrelationship between the gut microbiota and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children is presented. The search was conducted in Pubmed, Google Academic, and Web of Science databases for the keywords: autism, autism spectrum disorder, gut microbiota. Articles published between January 2000 and August 2023 were reviewed, and preference was given to data obtained in recent years. It was found that 40% of ASD children have various forms and severity of manifestations of gastrointestinal dysfunction (constipation, diarrhea, chronic abdominal pain, etc.), which accompany psychopathological symptoms and correlate with the severity of ASD. Disorders of the intestinal microbiota are detected in more than 80% of cases of ASD in children. At the same time, it was found that representatives of the fila Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria are the most common in the intestinal microbiota in ASD children, although their qualitative and quantitative ratios in ASD differ. In patients with ASD, a decrease in the content of representatives of the phylum Firmicutes and a relatively high prevalence of Bacteroidetes producing short-chain fatty acids were revealed, due to this, they can influence the central nervous system and behaviour in autism. Differences in the biodiversity of the intestinal microbiota in ASD are determined by heterogeneity of demographic and geographical characteristics, differences in diet, concomitant forms of pathology, severity of behavioural and gastrointestinal symptoms, different methods of analysis and treatment. Modification of the intestinal microbiome by fecal microbiota transplantation is potentially the most promising way to improve gastrointestinal and behavioural symptoms in ASD children.

Contribution

Contribution:Smirnova G.I. — concept and design of the work;Mulenkova A.V., Susloparova P.S. — collection and processing of the material;Smirnova G.I., Mulenkova A.V., Susloparova P.S. — writing the text;Korsunsky A.A. — editing the text.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: August 23, 2023Accepted: September 12, 2023Published: October 31, 2023

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.