rospedРоссийский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. СтуденикинаM.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric JournalФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-5-376-382bglochrosped-370Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSВлияние инфекций, передающихся половым путём, на репродуктивное здоровье девочек-подростковThe impact of sexually transmitted infections on the reproductive health in adolescent girlshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3253-4512АдамянЛейла ВладимировнаAdamyanLeila V.

Доктор мед. наук, проф., акад. РАН, гл. специалист по гинекологии Минздрава России, зав. каф. репродуктивной медицины и хирургии ФПДО «МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России.

e-mail: endogyn@yandex.ru detskgyn@yandex.ru

endogyn@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-6341СибирскаяЕлена ВикторовнаSibirskayaElena V.

Доктор мед. наук, проф. каф. репродуктивной медицины и хирургии ФДПО «МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России, проф. каф. акушерства и гинекологии им. акад. Г.М. Савельевой ПФ «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, гл. внештатный специалист-гинеколог детского и юношеского возраста Минздрава МО, руководитель «Центра охраны репродуктивного здоровья подростков МО», зав. хирургическим гинекологическим отделением РДКБ ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России.

e-mail: elsibirskaya@yandex.ru

elsibirskaya@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8579-2227ШарковСергей МихайловичSharkovSergey M.

Доктор мед. наук, проф. каф. детской хирургии и урологии-андрологии им. проф. Л.П. Александрова ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), зав. операционным блоком Морозовской детской городской клинической больницы.

e-mail: sharkdoc@mail.ru

sharkdoc@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6844-3321ПивазянЛаура ГоровнаPivazyanLaura G.

Ординатор 2-го года обучения ФГБУ «НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России.

e-mail: laurapivazyan98@gmail.com

2nd year resident of the National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov.

e-mail: laurapivazyan98@gmail.com

 

laurapivazyan98@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0657-7172ШаповаленкоРоман АртемовичShapovalenkoRoman A.

Студент 4 курса ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет).

e-mail: roman.shap99@gmail.com

roman.shap99@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0919-465XЗакарянАракся АршаковнаZakaryanAraksya A.

Ординатор 1 года ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет).

e-mail: araksya.zakaryan99@mail.ru

araksya.zakaryan99@mail.ruФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава РоссииMoscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov; National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. KulakovФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России; Российская детская клиническая больница ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава РоссииMoscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov; Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Morozov Children’s City Clinical HospitalФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. KulakovФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)202317112023265376382Copyright © Адамян Л.В., Сибирская Е.В., Шарков С.М., Пивазян Л.Г., Шаповаленко Р.А., Закарян А.А., 20232023Адамян Л.В., Сибирская Е.В., Шарков С.М., Пивазян Л.Г., Шаповаленко Р.А., Закарян А.А.Adamyan L.V., Sibirskaya E.V., Sharkov S.M., Pivazyan L.G., Shapovalenko R.A., Zakaryan A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/370

Инфекции, передающиеся половым путём (ИППП), являются огромной проблемой для здравоохранения. Самыми частыми бактериальными возбудителями ИППП служат Chlamydia trachomatis и Neisseria gonorrhoeae, вызывающие многочисленные урогенитальные симптомы и способные влиять на органы женской репродуктивной системы и течение беременности. В группу вирусных ИППП входит большое количество возбудителей, среди которых особый интерес вызывает вирус гепатита B. Антибиотикорезистентность возбудителей значительно осложняет лечение ИППП. Ключевыми факторами её формирования являются недостаточное лечение больных и избыточная терапия неинфицированных пациентов. Для решения этой проблемы необходимо создание быстрых и точных методов диагностики возбудителей ИППП. Важную роль в борьбе с заболеваемостью ИППП способно сыграть половое воспитание подростков.

Поиск работ с целью их включения в данный обзор производился с использованием баз данных PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar. В ходе поиска были идентифицированы 453 статьи, отобраны 58 публикаций, в том числе 5 систематических обзоров и 18 клинических исследований. Установлено, что хламидийная инфекция и гонорея ассоциированы с развитием бесплодия, при формировании которого ключевую роль играют трубный фактор и осложнения течения беременности. Использование диагностических экспресс-тестов ИППП сокращает период от поступления пациента до назначения правильной схемы лечения, что ускоряет процесс восстановления. Данные в отношении гепатита В неоднозначны, однако отмечена его связь с многочисленными осложнениями течения беременности, при этом связи с бесплодием не выявлено. Половое воспитание способно уменьшить частоту заражения ИППП и нежелательных беременностей, что положительно сказывается на физическом и эмоциональном состоянии подростков.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Адамян Л.В., Сибирская Е.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования;Шарков С.М. — редактирование;Пивазян Л.Г., Шаповаленко Р.А., Закарян А.А. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Поступила 14

Поступила 14.08.2023Принята к печати 12.09.2023Опубликована 31.10.2023

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), remained relevant to this day, are a huge problem for the global health system. The most common bacterial causative agents of STIs are Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which cause numerous urogenital symptoms and can also affect the organs of the female reproductive system, and the course of pregnancy. The group of viral STIs includes a large number of pathogens, among which the hepatitis B virus is of particular interest. The greatest problem in relation to STIs is the antibiotic resistance of pathogens, which greatly complicates the treatment of patients. The ability to solve this problem lies in the creation of fast and accurate methods for diagnosing STI pathogens. An important role in the struggle against STIs can be played by sexual education of adolescents, giving them an idea of the risks and consequences that sexual contact can lead to.

The search for works for inclusion in this review was carried out using the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar databases. The keywords used in the search were “Chlamydia trachomatis”, “Neisseria gonorrhoeae”, “hepatitis B”, “reproductive outcomes” and “sex education”.

The search input identified four hundred fifty three reports. During the review of abstracts and full texts of papers, 58 reports were selected, among which there were 5 systematic reviews and 18 clinical studies.

Both chlamydial infection and gonorrhea are associated with the development of infertility, where the tubal factor plays a key role, and pregnancy complications. The use of rapid tests, which provide fast and accurate results in the diagnosis of STIs, shortens the period from the patient’s admission to the appointment of the correct treatment regimen, which speeds up the recovery process for patients. Data on hepatitis B are mixed, but it is associated with numerous complications of pregnancy, while no association with infertility was observed. Sex education can reduce the number of STIs and unwanted pregnancies, which has a positive effect on the physical and emotional state of adolescents.

Contribution

Contribution:Adamyan L.V., Sibirskaya E.V. — concept and design of the study;Sharkov S.M. — editing the text;Pivazyan L.G., Shapovalenko R.A., Zakaryan A.A. — collection and processing of material, writing the text, editing the text.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: August 14, 2023Accepted: September 12, 2023Published: October 31, 2023

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.