rospedРоссийский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. СтуденикинаM.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric JournalФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-6-450-454mmmnuarosped-386Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSРоль липидов в питании недоношенных детей с бронхолёгочной дисплазиейRole of lipids in nutrition of premature babies with bronchopulmonary dysplasiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-6668БасаргинаМилана АлександровнаBasarginaMilana A.

Науч. сотр., лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста, зав. отделением патологии новорождённых детей ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: basargina.ma@nczd.ru

basargina.ma@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6521-0936СкворцоваВера АлексеевнаSkvortsovaVera A.

Гл. науч. сотр., лаб. питания здорового и больного ребёнка ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: skvortsova@nczd.ru

skvortsova@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-1471ХаритоноваНаталия АлександровнаKharitonovaNataliya A.

Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: kharitonovan@nczd.ru

MD, PhD, Researcher of the Neonatology and Early childhood laboratory, National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

e-mail: kharitonovan@nczd.ru

kharitonovan@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4158-8288ИлларионоваМария С.IllarionovaMariya S.

Мл. науч. сотр., лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: masha177771@mail.ru

masha177771@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-9625Пинаева-СлышЕвгения Л.Pinaeva-SlyshEvgeniya L.

Аспирант, ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: pinaevaslysh.e@gmail.com

pinaevaslysh.e@gmail.comФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Center for Children’s Health202306012024266450454Copyright © Басаргина М.А., Скворцова В.А., Харитонова Н.А., Илларионова М.С., Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л., 20242024Басаргина М.А., Скворцова В.А., Харитонова Н.А., Илларионова М.С., Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л.Basargina M.A., Skvortsova V.A., Kharitonova N.A., Illarionova M.S., Pinaeva-Slysh E.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/386Введение

Введение. Обзор посвящён значению липидов в питании недоношенных детей с бронхолёгочной дисплазией (БЛД). В последние годы увеличивается доля детей, родившихся преждевременно с очень низкой (ОНМТ) и экстремально низкой массой тела (ЭНМТ). Одним из часто встречающихся заболеваний детей с ОНМТ и особенно с ЭНМТ является БЛД. При тяжёлом течении БЛД установлена прямая зависимость между нутритивным статусом, функциональным состоянием лёгких и психомоторным развитием ребёнка. Потребности в нутриентах у недоношенных детей с БЛД повышены, и это предъявляет особые требования к их поступлению и проведению индивидуальной коррекции рациона с учётом всех особенностей развития ребёнка и наличия сопутствующей патологии. Оптимальным питанием для недоношенного ребёнка признано материнское молоко, в которое вносится обогатитель грудного молока. Однако жировой компонент в обогатителе практически отсутствует. Применение специализированных смесей также не обеспечивает калорийность рациона, которая требуется для поддержания скорости роста ребёнка с БЛД на фоне повышенных энергетических потребностей на 15–25% (по сравнению с пациентами, не развившими данное заболевание) и необходимого ограничения объёма вводимой жидкости в связи с большим риском гиперволемии малого круга кровообращения.

Заключение

Заключение. Дополнительная дотация среднецепочечных триглицеридов представляется перспективным направлением, повышающим жировую составляющую рациона и его энергетическую ценность в условиях ограничения потребления жидкости у недоношенных детей с БЛД.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Басаргина М.А., Скворцова В.А., Харитонова Н.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование;Басаргина М.А., Скворцова В.А., Илларионова М.С., Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л. — сбор и обработка материала;Скворцова В.А., Харитонова Н.А. — статистическая обработка.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Работа не имела финансовой поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Поступила 14

Поступила 14.11.2023Принята к печати 28.11.2023Опубликована 27.12.2023

Introduction

Introduction. The review is devoted to the importance of lipids in the nutrition of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In recent years, the proportion of children born prematurely especially babies with very low and extremely low body weight, has been increasing due to the introduction of reproductive technologies that allow women with various pathologies and health abnormalities having children, as well as the use of modern neonatal intensive care and intensive care facilities. One of the most common diseases in such patients is BPD. An important component of the system of caring for prematurely born infants is adequate nutrition, which plays an important role in the development and maturation of all organs and systems, including lung tissue, changing its morphology. It is important to note that in severe BPD, there is a direct relationship between nutritional status, normal lung function, and psychomotor development of the infant. Therefore, the nutritional needs of premature BPD infants are increased and this imposes special requirements on their admission and individual dietary correction, taking into account all the features of the child’s development and the presence of concomitant pathology. The optimal nutrition for a premature baby is recognized as mother’s milk, which is enriched with breast milk. However, the fat component (the main energy substrate) is either absent in the fortifier, or lipids amounts in to fail to be sufficient. The use of specialized mixtures also does not overlap the caloric content of the diet to provide the growth rate of BPD infant against the background of increased energy needs by 15–25% when compared with patients without BPD) and the necessary restriction of the volume of injected fluid due to the high risk of hypervolemia of the small circulatory circle.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Thus, an additional supply of medium-chain triglycerides seems to be a promising direction that increases the fat component of the diet and, as a result, its energy value in conditions of limiting fluid intake in premature BPD infants.

Contribution

Contribution:Basargina M.A., Skvortsova V.A., Kharitonova N.A. — concept and design of the study, writing the text, editing the text;Basargina M.A., Skvortsova V.A., Illarionova M.S., Pinaeva-Slysh E.L. — collection and processing of material;Skvortsova V.A., Kharitonova N.A. — statistical processing.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: November 14, 2023Accepted: November 28, 202Published: December 27, 2023

 

 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.