<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2024-27-1-12-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">yrqvnp</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-527</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аутоиммунный гастрит. Особенности диагностики и клинического течения у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Autoimmune gastritis. Features of diagnosis and clinical course in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4299-3269</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тупыленко</surname><given-names>Артем Викторович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tupylenko</surname><given-names>Artem V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук., ст. науч. сотр., лаб. эндоскопических, морфологических и патологоанатомических исследований, врач-эндоскопист ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава Росси</p><p>e-mail: tupylenkoav@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, senior researcher at the Laboratory of endoscopic, morphological and pathoanatomical studies, endoscopist, National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: tupylenkoav@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tupylenkoav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8305-7592</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лохматов</surname><given-names>Максим Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lokhmatov</surname><given-names>Maksim M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, зав. отделением эндоскопических исследований ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России; проф. каф. детской хирургии, урологии и уроандрологии ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</p><p>e-mail: lokhmatov@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lokhmatov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-7298</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Будкина</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Budkina</surname><given-names>Tatyana N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, врач-эндоскопист, ст. науч. сотр. отделения эндоскопических исследований ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: tatyana-budkina@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatyana-budkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8805-8164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олдаковский</surname><given-names>Владислав Игоревич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oldakovskiy</surname><given-names>Vladislav I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-эндоскопист отделения эндоскопических исследований ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: oldakovskiy@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oldakovskiy@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5730-3684</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королев</surname><given-names>Григорий Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolev</surname><given-names>Grigoriy A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-эндоскопист отделения эндоскопических исследований ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: korolevg.a@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korolevg.a@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-2373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>Alexandr S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, зав. гастроэнтерологическим отделением ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: potapov@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">potapov@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1549-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анушенко</surname><given-names>Антон Олегович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anushenko</surname><given-names>Anton O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-гастроэнтеролог, гастроэнтерологическое отд-ние ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: anoushenko@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anoushenko@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3874-4721</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Иосифовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Член-корр. РАН, доктор мед. наук, зав. отделением ревматологии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России; проф., зав. каф. педиатрии и детской ревматологии ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</p><p>e-mail: alekseeva@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekseeva@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-8693</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>Кирилл Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>Kirill A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зав. патологоанатомическим отделением, врач-патологоанатом ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: 04qwer@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">04qwer@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6495-0064</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илансcкая</surname><given-names>Мила Валерьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilansskaya</surname><given-names>Mila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-патологоанатом, ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: ilansskaya@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilansskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тупыленко А.В., Лохматов М.М., Будкина Т.Н., Олдаковский В.И., Королев Г.А., Потапов А.С., Анушенко А.О., Алексеева Е.И., Куликов К.А., Илансcкая М.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тупыленко А.В., Лохматов М.М., Будкина Т.Н., Олдаковский В.И., Королев Г.А., Потапов А.С., Анушенко А.О., Алексеева Е.И., Куликов К.А., Илансcкая М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tupylenko A.V., Lokhmatov M.M., Budkina T.N., Oldakovskiy V.I., Korolev G.A., Potapov A.S., Anushenko A.O., Alekseeva E.I., Kulikov K.A., Ilansskaya M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/527">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/527</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Аутоиммунный атрофический гастрит (АИГ) — это иммунноопосредованное заболевание, которое характеризуется воспалением и прогрессирующей атрофией слизистой оболочки дна и тела желудка, в то время как антральный отдел остаётся интактным для аутоиммунного процесса. Патогенез АИГ определяется развитием атрофических, гиперпластических и метапластических изменений слизистой оболочки тела желудка, что является предиктором развития нейроэндокринных опухолей I типа. Однако среди педиатров и гастроэнтерологов ещё нет должной настороженности относительно диагностики АИГ. Представлены клинические примеры комплексной диагностики АИГ у детей с использованием клинико-лабораторных, эндоскопических и патогистологических методов. Для постановки диагноза следует обращать внимание на сопутствующие аутоиммунные заболевания, характерные эндоскопические и патоморфологические признаки, клинико-лабораторные изменения. Анализ этих изменений увеличивает вероятность правильной диагностики АИГ, что является важным аспектом канцеропревенции.</p></sec><sec><title>Для корреспонденции</title><p>Для корреспонденции: Тупыленко Артем Викторович, </p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Тупыленко А.В., Лохматов М.М., Алексеева Е.И., Потапов А.С. — концепция и дизайн исследования; Тупыленко А.В., Будкина Т.Н., Олдаковский В.И., Королев Г.А., Куликов К.А., Илансская М.В., Анушенко А.О. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование текста. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. </p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 20</title><p>Поступила 20.12.2023Принята к печати 30.01.2024Опубликована 28.02.2024</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AAG) is an immune-mediated disease characterized by inflammation and progressive atrophy of the mucous membrane of the fundus and body of the stomach, while the antrum remains intact for the autoimmune process. The pathogenesis of AAG is determined by the development of atrophic, hyperplastic, and metaplastic changes in the mucous membrane of the stomach body, which is a predictor of the development of neuroendocrine tumors type I. However, among pediatricians and gastroenterologists, there is still no proper alertness regarding the diagnosis of AAG. Clinical examples of complex diagnosis of AAG in children using clinical laboratory, endoscopic, and pathohistological methods are presented. To make a diagnosis, attention should be paid to concomitant autoimmune diseases, characteristic endoscopic and pathomorphological signs, as well as clinical and laboratory changes. The analysis of these changes increases the likelihood of a correct diagnosis of AAG, which is an important aspect of cancer prevention.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Tupylenko A.V., Lokhmatov M.M., Alekseeva E.I., Potapov A.S. — concept and design of the study;Tupylenko A.V., Budkina T.N., Oldakovsky V.I., Korolev G.A., Kulikov K.A., Ilansskaya M.V., Anushenko A.O. — collection and processing of material, writing the text, editing the text.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: December 20, 2023Accepted: January 30, 2024Published: February 28, 2024</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутоиммунный атрофический гастрит</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>гиперплазия энтерохромаффиноподобных клеток</kwd><kwd>нейроэндокринная опухоль</kwd><kwd>клинические случаи</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autoimmune atrophic gastritis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>hyperplasia of enterochromaffin-like cells</kwd><kwd>neuroendocrine tumor</kwd><kwd>clinical cases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Strickland R.G., Mackay I.R. A reappraisal of the nature and significance of chronic atrophic gastritis. Am. J. Dig. Dis. 1973; 18(5): 426–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01071995</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strickland R.G., Mackay I.R. A reappraisal of the nature and significance of chronic atrophic gastritis. Am. J. Dig. Dis. 1973; 18(5): 426–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01071995</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park J.Y., Lam-Himlin D., Vemulapalli R. Review of autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis. Gastrointest. Endosc. 2013; 77(2): 284–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2012.09.033</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park J.Y., Lam-Himlin D., Vemulapalli R. Review of autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis. Gastrointest. Endosc. 2013; 77(2): 284–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2012.09.033</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mitsinikos T., Shillingford N., Cynamon H., Bhardwaj V. Autoimmune gastritis in pediatrics: A review of 3 cases. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 2020; 70(2): 252–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002547</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mitsinikos T., Shillingford N., Cynamon H., Bhardwaj V. Autoimmune gastritis in pediatrics: A review of 3 cases. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 2020; 70(2): 252–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002547</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Demir A.M., Berberoğlu Ateş B., Hızal G., Yaman A., Tuna Kırsaçlıoğlu C., Oğuz A.S., et al. Autoimmune atrophic gastritis: The role of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Helicobacter. 2020; 25(5): e12716. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12716</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demir A.M., Berberoğlu Ateş B., Hızal G., Yaman A., Tuna Kırsaçlıoğlu C., Oğuz A.S., et al. Autoimmune atrophic gastritis: The role of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Helicobacter. 2020; 25(5): e12716. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12716</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sarvida M.E., O’Dorisio M.S. Neuroendocrine tumors in children and young adults: rare or not so rare. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 2011; 40(1): 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2010.12.007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sarvida M.E., O’Dorisio M.S. Neuroendocrine tumors in children and young adults: rare or not so rare. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 2011; 40(1): 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2010.12.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamada T., Watanabe H., Furuta T., Terao S., Maruyama Y., Kawachi H., et al. Diagnostic criteria and endoscopic and histological findings of autoimmune gastritis in Japan. J. Gastroenterol. 2023; 58(3): 185–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-022-01954-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamada T., Watanabe H., Furuta T., Terao S., Maruyama Y., Kawachi H., et al. Diagnostic criteria and endoscopic and histological findings of autoimmune gastritis in Japan. J. Gastroenterol. 2023; 58(3): 185–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-022-01954-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mahmud N., Stashek K., Katona B.W., Tondon R., Shroff S.G., Roses R., et al. The incidence of neoplasia in patients with autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis: a renewed call for surveillance. Ann. Gastroenterol. 2019; 32(1): 67–72. https://doi.org/10.20524/aog.2018.0325</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mahmud N., Stashek K., Katona B.W., Tondon R., Shroff S.G., Roses R., et al. The incidence of neoplasia in patients with autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis: a renewed call for surveillance. Ann. Gastroenterol. 2019; 32(1): 67–72. https://doi.org/10.20524/aog.2018.0325</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kulak O., Gurram B., Montgomery E.A., Park J.Y. Pediatric autoimmune gastritis: clinical correlates and histologic features. Hum. Pathol. 2021; 116: 31–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.2021.07.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulak O., Gurram B., Montgomery E.A., Park J.Y. Pediatric autoimmune gastritis: clinical correlates and histologic features. Hum. Pathol. 2021; 116: 31–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.2021.07.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saglietti C., Sciarra A., Abdelrahman K., Schneider V., Karpate A., Nydegger A., et al. Autoimmune gastritis in the pediatric age: an underestimated condition report of two cases and review. Front. Pediatr. 2018; 6: 123. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2018.00123</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saglietti C., Sciarra A., Abdelrahman K., Schneider V., Karpate A., Nydegger A., et al. Autoimmune gastritis in the pediatric age: an underestimated condition report of two cases and review. Front. Pediatr. 2018; 6: 123. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2018.00123</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Звягин А.А. Аутоиммунный гастрит у детей с аутоиммунными заболеваниями. Педиатр. 2013; 4(4): 44–7. https://elibrary.ru/sahnmt</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zvyagin A.A. Autoimmune gastritis in children with autoimmune diseases. Pediatr. 2013; 4(4): 44–7. https://elibrary.ru/sahnmt (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волынец Г.В., Беляев Д.Л., Виноградова Т.В. Подходы к лечению аутоиммунного гастрита у детей. Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии. 2007; 52(6): 33–9. https://elibrary.ru/rtinns</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volynets G.V., Belyaev D.L., Vinogradova T.V. Approaches to the treatment of autoimmune gastritis in children. Rossiyskiy vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii. 2007; 52(6): 33–9. https://elibrary.ru/rtinns (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Азанчевская С.В., Новикова В.П., Иванова В.Ф. Морфологические и ультраструктурные особенности аутоиммунного гастрита у детей. Вестник Санкт-Петербургской государственной медицинской академии им. И.И. Мечникова. 2008; (4): 97–100. https://elibrary.ru/nwajwd</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Azanchevskaya S.V., Novikova V.P., Ivanova V.F. Morphological and ultrastructural features of autoimmune gastritis in children. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskoy gosudarstvennoy meditsinskoy akademii im. I.I. Mechnikova. 2008; (4): 97–100. https://elibrary.ru/nwajwd (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Terao S., Suzuki S., Yaita H., Kurahara K., Shunto J., Furuta T., et al. Multicenter study of autoimmune gastritis in Japan: Clinical and endoscopic characteristics. Dig. Endosc. 2020; 32(3): 364–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/den.13500</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terao S., Suzuki S., Yaita H., Kurahara K., Shunto J., Furuta T., et al. Multicenter study of autoimmune gastritis in Japan: Clinical and endoscopic characteristics. Dig. Endosc. 2020; 32(3): 364–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/den.13500</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lenti M.V., Rugge M., Lahner E., Miceli E., Toh B.H., Genta R.M., et al. Autoimmune gastritis. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 2020; 6(1): 56. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-020-0187-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lenti M.V., Rugge M., Lahner E., Miceli E., Toh B.H., Genta R.M., et al. Autoimmune gastritis. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 2020; 6(1): 56. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-020-0187-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamada T., Haruma K., Suehiro M., Manabe N., Inoue K., Kawamoto H., et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of autoimmune gastritis in patients with severe atrophic gastritis. Clin. Surg. 2020; 5: 2913.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamada T., Haruma K., Suehiro M., Manabe N., Inoue K., Kawamoto H., et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of autoimmune gastritis in patients with severe atrophic gastritis. Clin. Surg. 2020; 5: 2913.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pan X.F., Gu J.Q., Shan Z.Y. Type 1 diabetic populations have an increased prevalence of parietal cell antibody: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015; 94(38): e1440. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000001440</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pan X.F., Gu J.Q., Shan Z.Y. Type 1 diabetic populations have an increased prevalence of parietal cell antibody: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015; 94(38): e1440. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000001440</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колтунцева И.В., Новикова В.П., Ревнова М.О., Гайдук И.М., Хавкин А.И. Аутоиммунный гастрит у детей с сахарным диабетом 1 типа. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2022; (6): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-202-6-27-35 https://elibrary.ru/bntnex</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koltuntseva I.V., Novikova V.P., Revnova M.O., Gayduk I.M., Khavkin A.I. Autoimmune gastritis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Eksperimental‘naya i klinicheskaya gastroenterologiya. 2022; (6): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-202-6-27-35 https://elibrary.ru/bntnex (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Besançon A., Michaud B., Beltrand J., Goncalves T., Jais J.P., Polak M., et al. Revisiting autoimmune gastritis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr. Diabetes. 2017; 18(8): 772–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12482</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Besançon A., Michaud B., Beltrand J., Goncalves T., Jais J.P., Polak M., et al. Revisiting autoimmune gastritis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr. Diabetes. 2017; 18(8): 772–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12482</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Furuta T., Baba S., Yamade M., Uotani T., Kagami T., Suzuki T., et al. High incidence of autoimmune gastritis in patients misdiagnosed with two or more failures of H. pylori eradication. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2018; 48(3): 370–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14849</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Furuta T., Baba S., Yamade M., Uotani T., Kagami T., Suzuki T., et al. High incidence of autoimmune gastritis in patients misdiagnosed with two or more failures of H. pylori eradication. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2018; 48(3): 370–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14849</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kishino M., Nonaka K. Endoscopic features of autoimmune gastritis: Focus on typical images and early images. J. Clin. Med. 2022; 11(12): 3523. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11123523</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kishino M., Nonaka K. Endoscopic features of autoimmune gastritis: Focus on typical images and early images. J. Clin. Med. 2022; 11(12): 3523. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11123523</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krasinskas A.M., Abraham S.C., Metz D.C., Furth E.E. Oxyntic mucosa pseudopolyps: a presentation of atrophic autoimmune gastritis. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 2003; 27(2): 236–41. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000478-200302000-00013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krasinskas A.M., Abraham S.C., Metz D.C., Furth E.E. Oxyntic mucosa pseudopolyps: a presentation of atrophic autoimmune gastritis. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 2003; 27(2): 236–41. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000478-200302000-00013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaltsas G., Grozinsky-Glasberg S., Alexandraki K.I., Thomas D., Tsolakis A.V., Gross D., et al. Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of type 1 gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.). 2014; 81(2): 157–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12476</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaltsas G., Grozinsky-Glasberg S., Alexandraki K.I., Thomas D., Tsolakis A.V., Gross D., et al. Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of type 1 gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.). 2014; 81(2): 157–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12476</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamada T., Maruyama Y., Monobe Y., Haruma K. Endoscopic features and clinical importance of autoimmune gastritis. Dig. Endosc. 2022; 34(4): 700–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/den.14175</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamada T., Maruyama Y., Monobe Y., Haruma K. Endoscopic features and clinical importance of autoimmune gastritis. Dig. Endosc. 2022; 34(4): 700–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/den.14175</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kotera T., Yamanishi M., Kushima R., Haruma K. Early autoimmune gastritis presenting with a normal endoscopic appearance. Clin. J. Gastroenterol. 2022; 15(3): 547–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-022-01617-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotera T., Yamanishi M., Kushima R., Haruma K. Early autoimmune gastritis presenting with a normal endoscopic appearance. Clin. J. Gastroenterol. 2022; 15(3): 547–52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-022-01617-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neumann W.L., Coss E., Rugge M., Genta R.M. Autoimmune atrophic gastritis – pathogenesis, pathology and management. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2013; 10(9): 529–41. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2013.101</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neumann W.L., Coss E., Rugge M., Genta R.M. Autoimmune atrophic gastritis – pathogenesis, pathology and management. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2013; 10(9): 529–41. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2013.101</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kulnigg-Dabsch S. Autoimmune gastritis. Wien. Med. Wochenschr. 2016; 166(13-14): 424–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-016-0515-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulnigg-Dabsch S. Autoimmune gastritis. Wien. Med. Wochenschr. 2016; 166(13-14): 424–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-016-0515-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tozzoli R., Kodermaz G., Perosa A.R., Tampoia M., Zucano A., Antico A., et al. Autoantibodies to parietal cells as predictors of atrophic body gastritis: a five-year prospective study in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases. Autoimmun. Rev. 2010; 10(2): 80–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2010.08.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tozzoli R., Kodermaz G., Perosa A.R., Tampoia M., Zucano A., Antico A., et al. Autoantibodies to parietal cells as predictors of atrophic body gastritis: a five-year prospective study in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases. Autoimmun. Rev. 2010; 10(2): 80–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2010.08.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carabotti M., Lahner E., Esposito G., Sacchi M.C., Severi C., Annibale B. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms in autoimmune gastritis: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017; 96(1): e5784. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005784</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carabotti M., Lahner E., Esposito G., Sacchi M.C., Severi C., Annibale B. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms in autoimmune gastritis: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017; 96(1): e5784. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005784</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rugge M. Gastric cancer precursors: Pieces of an intriguing story. Dig. Liver Dis. 2008; 40(7): 488–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2008.02.034</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rugge M. Gastric cancer precursors: Pieces of an intriguing story. Dig. Liver Dis. 2008; 40(7): 488–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2008.02.034</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shah S.C., Piazuelo M.B., Kuipers E.J., Li D. AGA clinical practice update on the diagnosis and management of atrophic gastritis: expert review. Gastroenterology. 2021; 161(4): 1325–32.e7. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2021.06.078</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shah S.C., Piazuelo M.B., Kuipers E.J., Li D. AGA clinical practice update on the diagnosis and management of atrophic gastritis: expert review. Gastroenterology. 2021; 161(4): 1325–32.e7. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2021.06.078</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ивашкин В.Т., Маев И.В., Лапина Т.Л., Федоров Е.Д., Шептулин А.А., Трухманов А.С. и др. Клинические рекомендации Российской гастроэнтерологической ассоциации и ассоциации «Эндоскопическое общество РЭНДО» по диагностике и лечению гастрита, дуоденита. Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2021; 31(4): 70–99. https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2021-31-4-70-99 https://elibrary.ru/ctxebf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivashkin V.T., Maev I.V., Lapina T.L., Fedorov E.D., Sheptulin A.A., Trukhmanov A.S., et al. Clinical recommendations of the Russian gastroenterological association and RENDO endoscopic society association on diagnosis and treatment of gastritis and duodenitis. Rossiyskiy zhurnal gastroenterologii, gepatologii, koloproktologii. 2021; 31(4): 70–99. https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2021-31-4-70-99 https://elibrary.ru/ctxebf (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pimentel-Nunes P., Libânio D., Marcos-Pinto R., Areia M., Leja M., Esposito G., et al. Management of epithelial precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS II): guideline update 2019. Endoscopy. 2019; 51(4): 365–88. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0859-1883</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pimentel-Nunes P., Libânio D., Marcos-Pinto R., Areia M., Leja M., Esposito G., et al. Management of epithelial precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS II): guideline update 2019. Endoscopy. 2019; 51(4): 365–88. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0859-1883</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deprez P.H., Moons L.M.G., OʼToole D., Gincul R., Seicean A., Pimentel-Nunes P., et al. Endoscopic management of subepithelial lesions including neuroendocrine neoplasms: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline. Endoscopy. 2022; 54(4): 412–29. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1751-5742</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deprez P.H., Moons L.M.G., OʼToole D., Gincul R., Seicean A., Pimentel-Nunes P., et al. Endoscopic management of subepithelial lesions including neuroendocrine neoplasms: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline. Endoscopy. 2022; 54(4): 412–29. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1751-5742</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen J.W., Vela M.F., Peterson K.A., Carlson D.A. AGA clinical practice update on the diagnosis and management of extraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux disease: Expert Review. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2023; 21(6): 1414–21.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2023.01.040</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen J.W., Vela M.F., Peterson K.A., Carlson D.A. AGA clinical practice update on the diagnosis and management of extraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux disease: Expert Review. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2023; 21(6): 1414–21.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2023.01.040</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
