rospedРоссийский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. СтуденикинаM.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric JournalФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России10.46563/1560-9561-2024-27-1-49-54xqpypxrosped-533Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSСиндром раздражённого кишечника у детей: патогенетическое значение нарушений микробиоты кишечникаIrritable bowel syndrome in children: pathogenetic significance of disorders of intestinal microbiotahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8165-6567СмирноваГалина ИвановнаSmirnovaGalina I.

Доктор мед. наук, проф., каф. педиатрии и детских инфекционных болезней ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)

e-mail: gismirnova@yandex.ru

MD, PhD, DSci., Prof., professor of the Department of pediatrics and pediatric infectious diseases of the Sechenov University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

e-mail: @yandex.ru

gismirnova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-2857-6134ЛабиновВладимир СергеевичLabinovVladimir S.

Студент 4-го курса Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)

noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9087-1656КорсунскийАнатолий АлександровичKorsunskiyAnatoliy A.

Доктор мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. педиатрии и детских инфекционных болезней Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)

noemail@neicon.ruФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)2024040420242714954Copyright © Смирнова Г.И., Лабинов В.С., Корсунский А.А., 20242024Смирнова Г.И., Лабинов В.С., Корсунский А.А.Smirnova G.I., Labinov V.S., Korsunskiy A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/533

Синдром раздражённого кишечника (СРК) — самое распространённое функциональное расстройство кишечника у детей. В последние годы СРК определяется как функциональная патология кишечника, проявляющаяся висцеральной рецидивирующей болью, возникающей по меньшей мере 1 раз в неделю, которая характеризуется следующими двумя или более признаками: связана с дефекацией; с изменением частоты и формы стула. Эти симптомы должны отмечаться у больного последние 3 мес при общей продолжительности не менее 6 мес без признаков органического поражения желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ). Микробиота кишечника имеет особое значение в патогенезе СРК. У больных с СРК установлено увеличение видов Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococcus, Clostridium, Dorea и уменьшение численности видов Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium и Faecalibacterium. При этом сходный микробный профиль выявлен у пациентов с различными подтипами СРК. Установленные закономерности изменений состава микробиоты при СРК у детей и взрослых свидетельствуют о том, что СРК и функциональные расстройства ЖКТ имеют выраженный микробный патогенез. В связи с этим персонализированное использование пребиотиков, пробиотиков, синбиотиков и трансплантации фекальной микробиоты позволяет эффективно воздействовать на кишечный микробиом при СРК.

Заключение

Заключение. Коррекция нарушений микробиоты кишечника является важнейшим методом лечения СРК у детей. Определение закономерностей формирования изменений микробиома кишечника при СРК у детей создаёт новые возможности для совершенствования методов их коррекции.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Смирнова Г.И. — концепция и дизайн исследования;Смирнова Г.И., Лабинов В.С. — сбор и обработка материала; написание текста;Корсунский А.А. — редактирование.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Поступила 15

Поступила 15.01.2024Принята к печати 30.01.2024Опубликована 28.02.2024

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional disorder of the intestine in children. In recent years, IBS has been defined as functional pathology of the intestine, manifested by visceral recurrent pain that occurs at least once per week, characterized by the following two or more signs: associated with defecation; with changes in the frequency and shape of stools. These symptoms had to be noted in the patient for the last 3 months, with a total duration of at least 6 months, without signs of organic damage to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The gut microbiota is of particular importance in the pathogenesis of IBS. In patients with IBS, an increase in Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococcus, Clostridium, Dorea species and a decrease in the number of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium species were found. At the same time, a similar microbial profile was found in patients with different subtypes of IBS. The established patterns of changes in the composition of the microbiota in IBS in children and adults indicate IBS and functional disorders of the GIT to have a pronounced microbial pathogenesis. In this regard, the personalized use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation can effectively affect the intestinal microbiome in IBS.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Correction of disorders of intestinal microbiota is the most important method of treating IBS in children. Determining the patterns of formation of changes in the intestinal microbiome in IBS children creates new opportunities for improving methods of their correction.

Contribution

Contribution:Smirnova G.I. — concept and design of the study;Smirnova G.I., Labinov V.S. — collection and processing of the material; writing the text;Korsunsky A.A. — editing.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: January 15, 2023Accepted: January 30, 2024Published: February 28, 2024

 

 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.