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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2024-27-2-80-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-681</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние питания на нутритивный статус недоношенных детей с экстремально низкой массой тела при рождении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of nutrition on the nutritional status in preterm infants with extremely low birth weight</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-9625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пинаева-Слыш</surname><given-names>Евгения Леонидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pinaeva-Slysh</surname><given-names>Evgeniya L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">pinaevaslysh.e@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6521-0936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>Вера Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>Vera A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">skvortsova@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0603-3394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровик</surname><given-names>Татьяна Эдуардовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovik</surname><given-names>Tatyana E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">borovik@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-6668</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басаргина</surname><given-names>Милана Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basargina</surname><given-names>Milana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">basargina.ma@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0019-4194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимина</surname><given-names>Елена Павловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimina</surname><given-names>Elena P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zimina@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8020-2598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">as.petrova@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7225-2053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малютина</surname><given-names>Людмила Вячеславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyutina</surname><given-names>Lyudmila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">luda336.7272@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-691X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукоянова</surname><given-names>Ольга Леонидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukoyanova</surname><given-names>Olga L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">lukoyanova@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4158-8288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илларионова</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Illarionova</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">illarionova.ms@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health; M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-4"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства» Минздрава Московской области; ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной перинатальный центр»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Clinical Institute of Childhood; Moscow Regional Perinatal Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»; ГБУЗ МО «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства» Минздрава Московской области; ГБУЗ МО «Щёлковский перинатальный центр»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute; Research Clinical Institute of Childhood; Shchyolkovsky Perinatal Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л., Скворцова В.А., Боровик Т.Э., Басаргина М.А., Зимина Е.П., Петрова А.С., Малютина Л.В., Лукоянова О.Л., Илларионова М.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пинаева-Слыш Е.Л., Скворцова В.А., Боровик Т.Э., Басаргина М.А., Зимина Е.П., Петрова А.С., Малютина Л.В., Лукоянова О.Л., Илларионова М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pinaeva-Slysh E.L., Skvortsova V.A., Borovik T.E., Basargina M.A., Zimina E.P., Petrova A.S., Malyutina L.V., Lukoyanova O.L., Illarionova M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/681">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/681</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Несмотря на использование современных подходов к вскармливанию недоношенных детей с экстремально низкой массой тела (ЭНМТ) при рождении с назначением обогатителей грудного молока при грудном вскармливании и специализированных продуктов для недоношенных детей при искусственном вскармливании, постнатальная задержка их физического развития остаётся нерешённой задачей. &#13;
Цель: определить особенности нутритивного статуса недоношенных детей с ЭНМТ при рождении в зависимости от рационов питания на 1-м году жизни.&#13;
Материалы и методы. Обследовано 114 детей с ЭНМТ при рождении до 11 мес постнатального возраста. Пациенты были распределены на 2 группы: 1-ю группу (основную) составили дети (n = 59), чьи рационы корректировались нами в зависимости от степени нутритивной недостаточности. Во 2-ю группу (контрольную) вошли дети (n = 55), не получавшие рекомендаций или не следовавшие им. Антропометрические данные оценивались с помощью международных стандартов роста «INTERGROWTH-21st» до достижения детьми 64 нед постконцептуального возраста (ПКВ), в дальнейшем с помощью программного обеспечения «WHO Anthro (2009)». Состав тела (жировая и безжировая масса) определяли методом воздушной плетизмографии.&#13;
Результаты. Анализ нутритивного статуса детей с ЭНМТ выявил уменьшение антропометрических индексов к моменту выписки из стационара, у детей обеих групп наблюдалась нутритивная недостаточность разной степени тяжести: медианы массы тела (МТ) к ПКВ составили –1,92 [–2,72– –1,18] и –2,18 [–3,57– –1,37]. Коррекция питания (использование обогатителей грудного молока, высокобелковых высококалорийных смесей для недоношенных и включение отдельных продуктов прикорма, начиная с 4-месячного возраста) позволила существенно повысить пищевую ценность рационов детей 1-й группы и улучшить их нутритивный статус, обеспечив коррекцию недостаточности питания к 6 мес. При этом значимо повысились содержание безжировой МТ, а количество жировой МТ не превысило значений, характерных для доношенных детей. У детей 2-й группы к 6 мес сохранялась недостаточность питания: медиана МТ к ПКВ составила –2,06 [–2,52– –1,66] и сохранялась до окончания исследования (11 мес).&#13;
Заключение. Динамическая оценка нутритивного статуса детей с ЭНМТ и своевременная оптимизация питания позволили в относительно короткие сроки скорректировать недостаточность питания, что оказало существенное положительное влияние на их дальнейший рост, развитие и состояние здоровья.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Despite the use of modern approaches to feeding preterm infants with extremely low birth weight (ELBW) with the prescription of breast milk fortifiers during breastfeeding and specialized products for preterm infants during formula feeding, postnatal delay in their physical development remains an unsolved problem. There is no consensus on the timing of complementary feeding for such infants.&#13;
Objective: to determine the peculiarities of nutritional status of ELBW infants depending on the specifics of nutrition over the first year of life.&#13;
Materials and methods. One hundred fourteen ELBW infants aged from birth to 11 months postnatal age (PNA) were examined. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: group 1 (main group) consisted of infants (n = 59) whose diets were adjusted by us depending on the degree of nutritional deficiency. The group 2 (control) consisted of infants (n = 55) who did not receive our recommendations or did not follow them. Anthropometric parameters were assessed using the INTERGROWTH-21st international growth standards until the babies reached 64 weeks of postconceptional age (PCA), and then using the WHO Anthro (2009) software. Body composition (fat and fat-free mass) was determined by air plethysmography (PEA POD, LMi, USA).&#13;
Results. Analysis of the nutritional status in ELBW infants revealed decrease in anthropometric indices by the time of discharge from the hospital; both groups had nutritional deficiencies of varying severity: the medians of body weight (BW) to PCA were –1.92 [–2.72– –1.18] and –2.18 [–3.57– –1.37]). Nutritional correction: the use of breast milk fortifiers, high-protein, high-calorie mixtures for prematurity and inclusion of certain complementary foods starting from 4 months of age allowed to significantly increasing the nutritional value of the diets of babies from the group 1 and improve their nutritional status, having corrected nutritional deficiencies by 6 months of age. The fat-free body weight (g) content increased significantly, while the amount of body fat (%) did not exceed the values characteristic of preterm infants. In the 2nd gr. by 6 months, malnutrition persisted: BW to PCA was –2.06 [–2.52– –1.66], which persisted until the end of the study (11 months).&#13;
Conclusion. Dynamic assessment of the nutritional status in ELBW infants and timely optimization of nutrition allowed correcting nutritional deficiency during a relatively short time, which can have a significant positive impact on their further growth, development, and health status.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>недоношенные дети</kwd><kwd>экстремально низкая масса тела при рождении</kwd><kwd>нутритивный статус</kwd><kwd>постнатальная задержка роста</kwd><kwd>состав тела</kwd><kwd>жировая и безжировая масса тела</kwd><kwd>специализированные смеси</kwd><kwd>коррекция питания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>premature infants</kwd><kwd>extremely low birth weight</kwd><kwd>nutritional status</kwd><kwd>postnatal growth retardation</kwd><kwd>body composition</kwd><kwd>fat and fat-free body weight</kwd><kwd>specialized mixtures</kwd><kwd>nutritional correction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скворцова В.А., Белоусова Т.В., Андрюшина И.В., Украинцев С.Е., Зенкова К.И. 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