<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-3-187-193</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">daoqwe</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-7</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимизация лечения склероатрофического лихена вульвы с использованием современных лазерных технологий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimization of treatment of vulvar scleroatrophic lichen with using modern laser technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-6341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сибирская</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sibirskaya</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф. каф. репродуктивной медицины и хирургии ФПДО «МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России; проф. каф. акушерства и гинекологии им. акад. Г.М. Савельевой педиатрического факультета ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; зав. гинекологическим отд-нием РДКБ «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: elsibirskaya@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., Prof. of the Department of reproductive medicine and surgery of the Sechenov Moscow State Nedical University, prof. of the Department of obstetrics and gynecology named after Academician G.M. Savelyeva of the Pediatric Faculty of the Pirogov Russian State Medical University, Head of the Gynecological department of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</p><p>e-mail: elsibirskaya@yandex.ru </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elsibirskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-690X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Караченцова</surname><given-names>Ирина Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karachentsova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доцент каф. акушерства и гинекологии им. акад. Г.М. Савельевой педиатрического факультета ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: 5053104@list.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">5053104@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9563-6815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарков</surname><given-names>Сергей Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharkov</surname><given-names>Sergey M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, проф. каф. детской хирургии и урологии-андрологии им. проф. Л.П. Александрова, ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); руководитель Московского городского Центра репродуктивного здоровья детей и подростков ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница» ДЗМ</p><p>e-mail: Sharkdoc@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sharkdoc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7267-3018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меленчук</surname><given-names>Ирина Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melenchuk</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач акушер-гинеколог ОСП РДКБ «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: doc.melenchuk@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.melenchuk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7624-2781</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивановская</surname><given-names>Тамара Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanovskaya</surname><given-names>Tamara N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доцент каф. акушерства и гинекологии им. акад. Г.М. Савельевой ПФ «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, врач акушер-гинеколог ОСП РДКБ «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: tomochkaiv@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tomochkaiv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9057-2827</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллова</surname><given-names>Юлия Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillova</surname><given-names>Yuliya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач акушер-гинеколог, ОСП РДКБ ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: kafa_33@inbox.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kafa_33@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0400-0974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аннакулиева</surname><given-names>Айна Сердаровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Annakilieva</surname><given-names>Aina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач акушер-гинеколог ОСП РДКБ «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, Москва</p><p>e-mail: i-nuxa@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i-nuxa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6844-3321</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пивазян</surname><given-names>Лаура Горовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pivazyan</surname><given-names>Laura G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор 1 года ФГБУ НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: laurapivazyan98@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">laurapivazyan98@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6538-1711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нахапетян</surname><given-names>Ева Давидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nakhapetyan</surname><given-names>Eva D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студентка 3 курса ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: evandar07@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evandar07@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; Российская детская клиническая больница ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; Российская детская клиническая больница ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница» ДЗМ; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Morozov Children’s Clinical Hospital; First Moscow State Medical University by I.M. Sechenov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская детская клиническая больница ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>187</fpage><lpage>193</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сибирская Е.В., Караченцова И.В., Шарков С.М., Меленчук И.А., Ивановская Т.Н., Кириллова Ю.А., Аннакулиева А.С., Пивазян Л.Г., Нахапетян Е.Д., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сибирская Е.В., Караченцова И.В., Шарков С.М., Меленчук И.А., Ивановская Т.Н., Кириллова Ю.А., Аннакулиева А.С., Пивазян Л.Г., Нахапетян Е.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sibirskaya E.V., Karachentsova I.V., Sharkov S.M., Melenchuk I.A., Ivanovskaya T.N., Kirillova Y.A., Annakilieva A.S., Pivazyan L.G., Nakhapetyan E.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/7">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/7</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Склеротический атрофический лихен вульвы (САЛВ) — это хронический воспалительный дерматоз, характеризующийся выраженной очаговой атрофией кожи и слизистых оболочек вульвы, который способствует деформации промежности.</p><p>Цель работы — определить эффективность лечения диодным лазером девочек с разными формами САЛВ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён анализ эффективности воздействия лазерного излучения с длиной волны 940 нм минимальной мощности в импульсном режиме на девочек нейтрального и предпубертатного возрастов, страдающих САЛВ, в ходе комплексной терапии. Комплексно обследованы 90 девочек в возрасте 5–13 лет с САЛВ. В 1-ю группу были включены 30 больных с атрофической формой лихена, получающих лечение лазером с длиной волны 940 нм; 2-ю группу составили 30 пациенток с эритематозно-отёчной формой лихена, у которых использовали фотодеструкции лазером с длиной волны 635 нм; в 3-ю группу вошли 30 девочек с эрозивно-язвенной формой САЛВ, получавшие мазевую терапию топическими глюкокортикостероидами (ТГКС).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что самым эффективным способом лечения САЛВ у девочек является терапия диодным лазером с длиной волны 940 нм. После 1 сеанса у 27 (90%) пациенток 1-й группы наблюдалась положительная динамика: снижение сухости, зуда, изменения цвета слизистых оболочек вульвы, уменьшение очагов пигментации и увеличение эластичности кожных покровов. После 2 сеанса лазерной терапии эффективность выявлена у 29 (96,7%) пациенток. Вторым по эффективности методом лечения является фотодеструкция лазером с длиной волны 635 нм. После первых 4 сеансов (потребовалось 2 госпитализации) 25 (83,3%) пациенток отметили уменьшение зуда, жжения и чувства «стягивания». У 24 (80%) больных наблюдалось улучшение состояния слизистых оболочек вульвы. Уменьшение отёка наблюдалось у 23 (76,7%) пациенток через 3 нед после лазеротерапии. Однако полностью восстановить слизистые оболочки вульвы у пациенток данной группы не удалось. Недостаточно эффективной оказалась мазевая терапия с использованием ТГКС — только 8 (26,7%) больных отметили положительную динамику к 4-му дню терапии, 11 (36,7%) девочек — через 3 нед после применения ТГКС, 12 (40%) пациенток — к 2 мес. У 5 (16,7%) больных состояние слизистых оболочек вульвы не изменилось, число кровоточащих язвенных образований уменьшилось минимально.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установленные закономерности свидетельствуют о высокой эффективности лазеротерапии САЛВ у девочек. Длительность терапии и её эффекты зависят как от формы САЛВ, так и от тяжести течения болезни. Лазеротерапия обеспечивает наступление ремиссии у девочек с разными морфологическими типами САЛВ в оптимальные сроки после фотодеструкции.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Сибирская Е.В., Шарков С.М. — концепция и дизайн исследования; Меленчук И.А., Кириллова Ю.А., Караченцова И.В. — сбор и обработка материала; Ивановская Т.Н., Аннакулиева А.С., Пивазян Л.Г. — статистическая обработка материала; Меленчук И.А., Нахапетян Е.Д. — написание текста; Сибирская Е.В., Меленчук И.А., Нахапетян Е.Д. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 07</title><p>Поступила 07.04.2023Принята к печати 16.05.2023Опубликована 27.06.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis, which is characterized by focal skin atrophy of the vulva and mucous membranes. It leads to deformation of the perineum. The prevalence of VLS in children is up to 0.1%, among the adults — 3%. The average age of the first symptoms appearance in girls is 5.4 years, in women — 55.1 years. The diagnosis of VLS is made on the base of anamnesis, assessment of pubertal development, physical examination of the external genitalia, advanced vulvoscopy and vaginoscopy, bacteriological, bacterioscopic and cytological studies of vaginal wet mount, assessment of the hormonal profile. The treatment methods include high-potency steroids as the initial treatment, usage of diode, fractional CO2 and erbium lasers with different wavelengths and injections of platelet-rich plasma to improve the regeneration processes of the affected tissue by improving collagenogenesis, vasculogenesis, production of proteoglycans and glycoproteins.</p><p>The aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of photodestruction with a manual diode laser of the Dornier Medilas D LiteBeam, wavelength of 940 nm, minimum power in pulsed mode on the girls’ vulva mucosa with various types of VLS during neutral and preadolescent age. To obtain the results there were analyzed criteria including the size of the lesion after photodestruction therapy, the disappearance of cracks and angiomatosis in the LS area. The objectives of the complex therapy of VLS in girls were elimination of itching, decrease of the inflammatory changes, improvement of the skin and mucosa blood supply, and stimulation of local immunological mechanisms.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the base of the gynecological department of Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital. The effectiveness of the laser-induced thermotherapy with a wavelength of 940 nm, minimum power in pulsed mode on the vulva of VLS girls of neutral and preadolescent periods as a part of the complex therapy was evaluated. Ninety 5 to 13 year VLS patients took part in the trial. They were divided into 3 groups. The first group included 30 patients (average age 7.5 ± 1.1) with atrophic form of lichen treated with a laser with a wavelength of 940 nm. The second group consisted of 30 patients (average age 6.8 ± 1.3) with erythematous-edematous lichen, who were treated with a laser with a wavelength of 635 nm. The third group included 30 patients (average age 7.3 ± 1.2) with erosive and ulcerative form of VLS, who received high-potency corticosteroids therapy. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The treatment results in the three subgroups of VLS patients show a diode laser with a wavelength of 940 nm therapy to be the most effective. After the first treatment course 27 (90%) patients in the first group showed a positive trend with a decrease in itching and burning, pink-color presence in vulva mucousа, a decrease of the skin pigmentation area and an increase in the elasticity of the skin. After 2 courses, 29 (96.7%) patients had positive trend. The second most effective method of treatment is photodestruction with a 635 nm wavelength laser. After the 4 courses (two hospitalisations), 25 (83,3%) patients noted a decrease in itching and in a “tightening” feeling. In 24 (80%) patients there was an improvement in the condition of the mucous membranes of the vulva. Reduction of edema was observed in 23 (76.7%) patients by the time of an examination in 3 weeks after the last therapy course. However, it was not possible to completely restore the mucous membranes of the vulva in patients of this group. The least effective — drug therapy with high-potency steroids. 8 (26.7%) patients noted positive dynamics only by the 4th day therapy, 11 (36,7%) by the time of the 3 weeks after the initial application of the ointment, 12 (40%) by the 2nd month. In 5 (16.7%) patients, the visible condition of the mucous membranes did not change, the number of bleeding ulcers decreased minimally.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The results of the trial indicate the high efficiency of laser therapy of VLS in children compared with the topical glucocorticoids treatment. The duration of the therapy and condition of the external genitalia after treatment depends on the histological form and stage of VLS. According to our study, laser therapy contributes to the remission onset in pediatric patients with different types of VLS in the shortest possible time after the photodestruction procedure.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Sibirskaya E.V., Sharkov S.M. — research concept and design of the study; Melenchuk I.A., Kirillova Yu.A., Karachencova I.V. — collection and processing of material; Ivanovskaya T.N., Annakulieva A.S., Pivazyan L.G. — statistical processing; Melenchuk I.A., Nakhapetyan E.D. — text writing; Sibirskaya E.V., Melenchuk I.A Nakhapetyan E.D. — editing. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all part of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: April 07, 2023Accepted: May 16, 2023Published: June 27, 2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>девочки</kwd><kwd>САЛВ</kwd><kwd>мазевая терапия</kwd><kwd>лазерная фотодеструкция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>girls</kwd><kwd>VLS</kwd><kwd>ointment therapy</kwd><kwd>laser photodestruction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Halonen P., Jakobsson M., Heikinheimo O., Gissler M., Pukkala E. Incidence of lichen sclerosus and subsequent causes of death: a nationwide Finnish register study. BJOG. 2020; 127(7): 814–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16175</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Halonen P., Jakobsson M., Heikinheimo O., Gissler M., Pukkala E. Incidence of lichen sclerosus and subsequent causes of death: a nationwide Finnish register study. BJOG. 2020; 127(7): 814–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16175</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lansdorp C.A., van den Hondel K.E., Korfage I.J., van Gestel M.J., van der Meijden W.I. Quality of life in Dutch women with lichen sclerosus. Br. J. Dermatol. 2013; 168(4): 787–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12137</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lansdorp C.A., van den Hondel K.E., Korfage I.J., van Gestel M.J., van der Meijden W.I. Quality of life in Dutch women with lichen sclerosus. Br. J. Dermatol. 2013; 168(4): 787–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12137</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Адамян Л.В., Сибирская Е.В., Караченцова И.В., Аргун М.З., Пивазян Л.Г., Аветисян Д.С. и др. Клинический случай склероатрофического лихена вульвы в практике гинеколога детей и подростков. Проблемы репродукции. 2021; 27(6): 66–9. https://doi.org/10.17116/repro20212706166</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adamyan L.V., Sibirskaya E.V., Karachentsova I.V., Argun M.Z., Pivazyan L.G., Avetisyan D.S., et al. Clinical case of lichen sclerosus of the vulva in the practice of a pediatric gynecologist. Problemy reproduktsii. 2021; 27(6): 66–9. https://doi.org/10.17116/repro20212706166 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simpson R.C., Cooper S.M., Kirtschig G., Larsen S., Lawton S., McPhee M., et al. Future research priorities for lichen sclerosus – results of a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership. Br. J. Dermatol. 2019; 180(5): 1236–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.17447</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simpson R.C., Cooper S.M., Kirtschig G., Larsen S., Lawton S., McPhee M., et al. Future research priorities for lichen sclerosus – results of a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership. Br. J. Dermatol. 2019; 180(5): 1236–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.17447</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belotto R.A., Chavantes M.C., Tardivo J.P., Euzébio Dos Santos R., Fernandes R.C.M., Horliana A.C.R.T., et al. Therapeutic comparison between treatments for vulvar lichen sclerosus: study protocol of a randomized prospective and controlled trial. BMC Womens Health. 2017; 17(1): 61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-017-0414-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belotto R.A., Chavantes M.C., Tardivo J.P., Euzébio Dos Santos R., Fernandes R.C.M., Horliana A.C.R.T., et al. Therapeutic comparison between treatments for vulvar lichen sclerosus: study protocol of a randomized prospective and controlled trial. BMC Womens Health. 2017; 17(1): 61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-017-0414-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li J. The study of CO2 laser and triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus. Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2018; 143(Suppl. 3): 322.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li J. The study of CO2 laser and triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus. Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 2018; 143(Suppl. 3): 322.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gardner A.N., Aschkenazi S.O. The short-term efficacy and safety of fractional CO2 laser therapy for vulvovaginal symptoms in menopause, breast cancer, and lichen sclerosus. Menopause. 2021; 28(5): 511–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000001727</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gardner A.N., Aschkenazi S.O. The short-term efficacy and safety of fractional CO2 laser therapy for vulvovaginal symptoms in menopause, breast cancer, and lichen sclerosus. Menopause. 2021; 28(5): 511–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000001727</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tasker F., Kirby L., Grindlay D.J.C., Lewis F., Simpson R.C. Laser therapy for genital lichen sclerosus: A systematic review of the current evidence base. Skin Health Dis. 2021; 1(3): e52. https://doi.org/10.1002/ski2.52</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tasker F., Kirby L., Grindlay D.J.C., Lewis F., Simpson R.C. Laser therapy for genital lichen sclerosus: A systematic review of the current evidence base. Skin Health Dis. 2021; 1(3): e52. https://doi.org/10.1002/ski2.52</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee A., Fischer G. Diagnosis and treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus: an update for dermatologists. Am. J. Clin. Dermatol. 2018; 19(5): 695–706. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee A., Fischer G. Diagnosis and treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus: an update for dermatologists. Am. J. Clin. Dermatol. 2018; 19(5): 695–706. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-018-0364-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orszulak D., Dulska A., Niziński K., Skowronek K., Bodziony J., Stojko R., et al. Pediatric vulvar lichen sclerosus – a review of the literature. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2021; 18(13): 7153. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137153</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orszulak D., Dulska A., Niziński K., Skowronek K., Bodziony J., Stojko R., et al. Pediatric vulvar lichen sclerosus – a review of the literature. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2021; 18(13): 7153. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137153</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pagano T., Conforti A., Buonfantino C., Schettini F., Vallone R., Gallo A., et al. Effect of rescue fractional microablative CO2 laser on symptoms and sexual dysfunction in women affected by vulvar lichen sclerosus resistant to long-term use of topic corticosteroid: a prospective longitudinal study. Menopause. 2020; 27(4): 418–22. https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000001482</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pagano T., Conforti A., Buonfantino C., Schettini F., Vallone R., Gallo A., et al. Effect of rescue fractional microablative CO2 laser on symptoms and sexual dysfunction in women affected by vulvar lichen sclerosus resistant to long-term use of topic corticosteroid: a prospective longitudinal study. Menopause. 2020; 27(4): 418–22. https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000001482</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lagerstedt M., Huotari-Orava R., Nyberg R., Mäenpää J.U., Snellman E., Laasanen S.L. Reduction in ERRα is associated with lichen sclerosus and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 2015; 139(3): 536–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.10.016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lagerstedt M., Huotari-Orava R., Nyberg R., Mäenpää J.U., Snellman E., Laasanen S.L. Reduction in ERRα is associated with lichen sclerosus and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Gynecol. Oncol. 2015; 139(3): 536–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.10.016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ашрафян Л.А., Харченко Н.В., Бабаева Н.А., Ивашина С.В., Хунова Л.З. Состояние рецепторного аппарата вульвы при склеротическом лишае. Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Медицина. 2006; (1); 88–94. https://elibrary.ru/ifafal</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ashrafyan L.A., Kharchenko N.V., Babaeva N.A., Ivashina S.V., Khunova L.Z. Receptors of a vulva tissue at lichen sclerosis. Vestnik Rossiyskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Meditsina. 2006; (1); 88–94. https://elibrary.ru/ifafal (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Уколова И.Л., Бижанова Д.А., Дядик Т.Г. Клиника, диагностика и лечение склероатрофического лихена вульвы у девочек. Педиатрия. Журнал им. Г.Н. Сперанского. 2006; 85(2): 49–51. https://elibrary.ru/kwaakh</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ukolova I.L., Bizhanova D.A., Dyadik T.G. Clinic, diagnosis and treatment of scleroatrophic lichen of the vulva in girls. Pediatriya. Zhurnal im. G.N. Speranskogo. 2006; 85(2): 49–51. https://elibrary.ru/kwaakh (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Powell J., Wojnarowska F. Childhood vulvar lichen sclerosus. The course after puberty. J. Reprod. Med. 2002; 47(9): 706–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Powell J., Wojnarowska F. Childhood vulvar lichen sclerosus. The course after puberty. J. Reprod. Med. 2002; 47(9): 706–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российское общество дерматовенерологов и косметологов, Российское общество акушеров-гинекологов. Клинические рекомендации «Лишай склеротический и атрофический». М.; 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russian Society of Dermatovenerologists and Cosmetologists, Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Clinical recommendations «Lichen sclerotic and atrophic». Moscow; 2020. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burkett L., Siddique M., Zeymo A., Gutman R., Park A., Iglesia C. A randomized controlled trial of clobetasol propionate versus fractionated CO2 laser for the treatment of lichen sclerosus (CURLS). Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2020; 222(3): S766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2019.12.032</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burkett L., Siddique M., Zeymo A., Gutman R., Park A., Iglesia C. A randomized controlled trial of clobetasol propionate versus fractionated CO2 laser for the treatment of lichen sclerosus (CURLS). Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2020; 222(3): S766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2019.12.032</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mitchell L., Goldstein A.T., Heller D., Mautz T., Thorne C., Joyce Kong S.Y., et al. Fractionated carbon dioxide laser for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet. Gynecol. 2021; 137(6): 979–87. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000004409</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mitchell L., Goldstein A.T., Heller D., Mautz T., Thorne C., Joyce Kong S.Y., et al. Fractionated carbon dioxide laser for the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet. Gynecol. 2021; 137(6): 979–87. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000004409</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balchander D., Nyirjesy P. Fractionated CO2 laser as therapy in recalcitrant lichen sclerosus. J. Low. Genit. Tract. Dis. 2020; 24(2): 225–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/LGT.0000000000000512</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balchander D., Nyirjesy P. Fractionated CO2 laser as therapy in recalcitrant lichen sclerosus. J. Low. Genit. Tract. Dis. 2020; 24(2): 225–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/LGT.0000000000000512</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bizjak Ogrinc U., Senčar S., Luzar B., Lukanović A. Efficacy of non-ablative laser therapy for lichen sclerosus: a randomized controlled trial. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Can. 2019; 41(12): 1717–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2019.01.023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bizjak Ogrinc U., Senčar S., Luzar B., Lukanović A. Efficacy of non-ablative laser therapy for lichen sclerosus: a randomized controlled trial. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Can. 2019; 41(12): 1717–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2019.01.023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ball S.B., Wojnarowska F. Vulvar dermatoses: lichen sclerosus, lichen planus, and vulval dermatitis/lichen simplex chronicus. Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg. 1998; 17(3): 182–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(98)80012-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ball S.B., Wojnarowska F. Vulvar dermatoses: lichen sclerosus, lichen planus, and vulval dermatitis/lichen simplex chronicus. Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg. 1998; 17(3): 182–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(98)80012-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilkinson H.N., Hardman M.J. Wound healing: cellular mechanisms and pathological outcomes. Open Biol. 2020; 10(9): 200223. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsob.200223</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilkinson H.N., Hardman M.J. Wound healing: cellular mechanisms and pathological outcomes. Open Biol. 2020; 10(9): 200223. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsob.200223</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan M.P., Zimarowski M.J. Vulvar dermatoses: a histopathologic review and classification of 183 cases. J. Cutan. Pathol. 2015; 42(8): 510–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/cup.12541</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan M.P., Zimarowski M.J. Vulvar dermatoses: a histopathologic review and classification of 183 cases. J. Cutan. Pathol. 2015; 42(8): 510–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/cup.12541</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bercaw-Pratt J.L., Boardman L.A., Simms-Cendan J.S. Clinical recommendation: pediatric lichen sclerosus. J. Pediatr. Adolesc. Gynecol. 2014; 27(2): 111–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2013.11.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bercaw-Pratt J.L., Boardman L.A., Simms-Cendan J.S. Clinical recommendation: pediatric lichen sclerosus. J. Pediatr. Adolesc. Gynecol. 2014; 27(2): 111–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2013.11.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirtschig G., Becker K., Günthert A., Jasaitiene D., Cooper S., Chi C.C., et al. Evidence-based (S3) Guideline on (anogenital) lichen sclerosus. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2015; 29(10): e1-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.13136</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirtschig G., Becker K., Günthert A., Jasaitiene D., Cooper S., Chi C.C., et al. Evidence-based (S3) Guideline on (anogenital) lichen sclerosus. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2015; 29(10): e1-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.13136</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Casey G.A., Cooper S.M., Powell J.J. Treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus with topical corticosteroids in children: a study of 72 children. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 2015; 40(3): 289–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/ced.12519</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Casey G.A., Cooper S.M., Powell J.J. Treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus with topical corticosteroids in children: a study of 72 children. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 2015; 40(3): 289–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/ced.12519</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клеменова И.А., Есенин С.А. Эволюция применения глюкокортикостероидных препаратов для местного лечения в дерматологической практике. Клиническая дерматология и венерология. 2011; 9(5): 46–50. https://elibrary.ru/qaapkn</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klemenova I.A., Esenin S.A. Evolution of the application of glucocorticosteroid preparations for the local treatment in dermatological practice. Klinicheskaya dermatologiya i venerologiya. 2011; 9(5): 46–50. https://elibrary.ru/qaapkn (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belotto R., Fernandes R., Santos R., Silva B., Chavantes M.C., Silva D. Photobiomodulation is more effective as the current treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus. Laser Surg. Med. 2016; 27: 62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belotto R., Fernandes R., Santos R., Silva B., Chavantes M.C., Silva D. Photobiomodulation is more effective as the current treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus. Laser Surg. Med. 2016; 27: 62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belotto R., Correa L., Martins W.K., Fernandes R.C.M., Chavantes M.C. Topic corticosteroid and photobiomodulation treatment impact on vulvar lichen sclerosus: Clinical, inflammatory and reparative analysis. Laser Surg. Med. 2019; 51(Suppl. 30): 39–40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belotto R., Correa L., Martins W.K., Fernandes R.C.M., Chavantes M.C. Topic corticosteroid and photobiomodulation treatment impact on vulvar lichen sclerosus: Clinical, inflammatory and reparative analysis. Laser Surg. Med. 2019; 51(Suppl. 30): 39–40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tian J., Cheng L.H., Cui X., Lei X.X., Tang J.B., Cheng B. Application of standardized platelet-rich plasma in elderly patients with complex wounds. Wound Repair Regen. 2019; 27(3): 268–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.12702</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tian J., Cheng L.H., Cui X., Lei X.X., Tang J.B., Cheng B. Application of standardized platelet-rich plasma in elderly patients with complex wounds. Wound Repair Regen. 2019; 27(3): 268–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.12702</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнов И.Е., Митюшин И.Л., Кучеренко А.Г., Бакрадзе М.Д. Цитокиновый профиль при бактериальной и вирусной инфекции у детей. Российский педиатрический журнал. 2014; 17(4): 14–9. https://elibrary.ru/skddeb</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smirnov I.E., Mityushin I.L., Kucherenko A.G., Bakradze M.D. Cytokine profile in inflammatory forms of pathology of the respiratory system in children. Rossiyskiy pediatricheskiy zhurnal. 2014; 17(4): 14–9. https://elibrary.ru/skddeb (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Velier M., Magalon J., Daumas A., Cassar M., Francois P., Ghazouane A., et al. Production of platelet-rich plasma gel from elderly patients under antithrombotic drugs: Perspectives in chronic wounds care. Platelets. 2018; 29(5): 496–503. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537104.2017.1336212</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velier M., Magalon J., Daumas A., Cassar M., Francois P., Ghazouane A., et al. Production of platelet-rich plasma gel from elderly patients under antithrombotic drugs: Perspectives in chronic wounds care. Platelets. 2018; 29(5): 496–503. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537104.2017.1336212</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liao X., Liang J.X., Li S.H., Huang S., Yan J.X., Xiao L.L., et al. Allogeneic platelet-rich plasma therapy as an effective and safe adjuvant method for chronic wounds. J. Surg. Res. 2020; 246: 284–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2019.09.019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liao X., Liang J.X., Li S.H., Huang S., Yan J.X., Xiao L.L., et al. Allogeneic platelet-rich plasma therapy as an effective and safe adjuvant method for chronic wounds. J. Surg. Res. 2020; 246: 284–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2019.09.019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang L., Lv Q., Guo J., Wang J., Pan J. Transcriptome profiling and network analysis provide insights into the pathogenesis of vulvar lichen sclerosus. Front. Genet. 2022; 13: 905450. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.905450</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang L., Lv Q., Guo J., Wang J., Pan J. Transcriptome profiling and network analysis provide insights into the pathogenesis of vulvar lichen sclerosus. Front. Genet. 2022; 13: 905450. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.905450</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tedesco M., Garelli V., Bellei B., Sperduti I., Chichierchia G., Latini A., et al. Platelet-rich plasma for genital lichen sclerosus: analysis and results of 94 patients. Are there gender-related differences in symptoms and therapeutic response to PRP? J. Dermatolog. Treat. 2022; 33(3): 1558–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2020.1854650</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tedesco M., Garelli V., Bellei B., Sperduti I., Chichierchia G., Latini A., et al. Platelet-rich plasma for genital lichen sclerosus: analysis and results of 94 patients. Are there gender-related differences in symptoms and therapeutic response to PRP? J. Dermatolog. Treat. 2022; 33(3): 1558–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2020.1854650</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
