rospedРоссийский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. СтуденикинаM.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric JournalФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России10.46563/1560-9561-2024-27-3-205-211rxicwmrosped-712Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSНедостаточный охват вакцинацией детей с тяжёлой неврологической патологией: причины и следствияInsufficient vaccination coverage in children with severe neurological pathology: causes and consequenceshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3586-4031ГалицкаяМарина ГеннадьевнаGalitskayaMarina G.

Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. Центра профилактической педиатрии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: galitskaya.mg@nczd.ru

MD, PhD, senior researcher at the Center for preventive pediatrics of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

e-mail: galitskaya.mg@nczd.ru

galitskaya.mg@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1574-2050АбдуллаеваЛуизат МуслимовнаAbdullaevaLuizat M.

Мл. науч. сотр., лаб. редких наследственных болезней у детей Медико-генетического центра, врач-невролог центра детской психоневрологии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: instorm@inbox.ru

instorm@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3056-403XМакароваСветлана ГеннадиевнаMakarovaSvetlana G.

Доктор мед. наук, проф., зам. директора ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России по научной работе; руководитель Центра профилактической педиатрии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России; проф. каф. педиатрии и общественного здоровья Института подготовки медицинских кадров ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей», гл. внештатный специалист Минздрава России по медицинской помощи в образовательных организациях в ЦФО

e-mail: sm27@yandex.ru

sm27@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-7946ФисенкоАндрей ПетровичFisenkoAndrey P.

Доктор мед. наук, проф., директор ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России

e-mail: director@nczd.ru

director@nczd.ruФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Center for Children’s HealthФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health; Lomonosov Moscow State University202407082024273205211Copyright © Галицкая М.Г., Абдуллаева Л.М., Макарова С.Г., Фисенко А.П., 20242024Галицкая М.Г., Абдуллаева Л.М., Макарова С.Г., Фисенко А.П.Galitskaya M.G., Abdullaeva L.M., Makarova S.G., Fisenko A.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/712

Дети с хронической неврологической патологией являются группой риска по развитию тяжёлых инфекционных заболеваний, однако во всём мире отмечается низкий охват профилактическими прививками этих больных. Для введения современных вакцинных препаратов наличие тяжёлого неврологического заболевания не является противопоказанием. Есть только две причины, по которым вакцинацию нужно отложить или заменить вакцину: противопоказания для введения живых вакцин больным, получающим иммуносупрессивную терапию, и цельноклеточных коклюшных вакцин детям с прогрессирующим течением неврологической патологии и судорожным синдромом. Доказаны хорошая переносимость и безопасность вакцинации детей с различными формами тяжёлой неврологической патологии. Однако применение специальных препаратов в терапии основного заболевания может отражаться на иммуногенности и эффективности вакцины. До сих пор не существует признанной тактики вакцинации детей с тяжёлыми неврологическими болезнями. Этот факт, а также устаревшие установки врачей и родителей о связи вакцинации с дебютом болезней нервной системы ещё больше увеличивают число непривитых детей. Требуют решения вопросы, касающиеся оптимального времени вакцинации детей с тяжёлой неврологической патологией, частоты и стратегии введения вакцин. Авторы указывают, что назрела необходимость создания рекомендаций по вакцинации детей с тяжёлыми заболеваниями нервной системы с учётом характера неврологической патологии, особенностей её течения и терапии.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Галицкая М.Г., Макарова С.Г. — концепция и дизайн исследования;Галицкая М.Г., Абдуллаева Л.М. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста;Фисенко А.П., Макарова С.Г. — редактирование.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Поступила 24

Поступила 24.05.2024Принята к печати 11.06.2024Опубликована 12.07.2024

Children with chronic neurological pathology are at risk for the development of severe infectious diseases, but despite this, there is a poor coverage of preventive vaccinations in this category of children worldwide. For modern vaccine preparations, the presence of severe neurological conditions is not a contraindication to administration. There are only two reasons why vaccination should be postponed or the vaccine drug should be replaced. These are contraindications for the administration of live vaccines to children receiving immunosuppressive therapy, and contraindications for whole-cell pertussis vaccines to children with progressive neurological disease and convulsive syndrome. Studies conducted in different countries of the world prove the good tolerability and safety of vaccination in children with severe neurological pathology. But the use of certain drugs in the treatment of the underlying disease may affect the immunogenicity and effectiveness of vaccination. Currently, there is no generally accepted tactic for vaccinating children with various severe neurological conditions. This fact, as well as outdated attitudes in doctors and parents about the connection of vaccination with the onset of diseases of the nervous system, further increases the number of unvaccinated children. Issues related to the optimal vaccination time for children with severe neurological pathology, the frequency and strategy of vaccine administration still need to be addressed. There is a need to create widely recognized vaccination guidelines for children with severe neurological diseases, considering the nature of the disease, its course, and the therapy received.

Contribution

Contribution:Galitskaya M.G., Makarova S.G. — concept and design of the study;Galitskaya M.G., Abdullayeva L.M. — collection and processing of the material, writing the text;Fisenko A.P., Makarova S.G. — editing the text.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: May 24, 2024Accepted: June 11, 2024Published: July 12, 2024

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.