<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2021-24-5-292-299</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">oymtnn</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-907</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-функциональные особенности малого круга кровообращения у детей с новой формой бронхолёгочной дисплазии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and functional features of the small circle of blood circulation in children with a new form of bronchopulmonary dysplasia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-6668</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басаргина</surname><given-names>Милана Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basargina</surname><given-names>Milana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста, зав. отделением патологии новорождённых детей ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: milanablu@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Researcher of the Neonatology and еarly childhood laboratory. National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: milanablu@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">milanablu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-7946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>Андрей Петрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>Andrey P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед., наук, проф., директор ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: director@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">director@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7780-6737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, гл. науч. сотр. лаб. клинической иммунологии и аллергологии, врач-пульмонолог отделения патологии новорожденных детей ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: davydova@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">davydova@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-1323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьев</surname><given-names>Максим Васильевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyev</surname><given-names>Maksim V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зав. отделением реанимации и интенсивной терапии новорожденных ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной перинатальный центр»</p><p>e-mail: mama-x@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mama-x@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зам. главного врача по педиатрической помощи ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной перинатальный центр»</p><p>e-mail: as.petrova@icloud.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">as.petrova@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жарова</surname><given-names>Ольга Павловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharova</surname><given-names>Olga P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. лаб. редких наследственных болезней у детей, врач-педиатр ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: zharova@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zharova@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харитонова</surname><given-names>Наталия Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharitonova</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. неонатологии и проблем здоровья раннего детского возраста ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: KharitonovaN@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kharitonovan@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ялтиков</surname><given-names>Владимир Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yaltikov</surname><given-names>Vladimir Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач ультразвуковой диагностики отд-ния ультразвуковой диагностики ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: Yaltikov.VYu@nczd.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yaltikov.vyu@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарь</surname><given-names>Валерия Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondar</surname><given-names>Valeriya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант лаб. молекулярной генетики и медицинской геномики ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: bondva23@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bondva23@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрав России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной перинатальный центр»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Regional Perinatal Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>292</fpage><lpage>299</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Басаргина М.А., Фисенко А.П., Давыдова И.В., Кондратьев М.В., Петрова А.С., Жарова О.П., Харитонова Н.А., Ялтиков В.Ю., Бондарь В.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Басаргина М.А., Фисенко А.П., Давыдова И.В., Кондратьев М.В., Петрова А.С., Жарова О.П., Харитонова Н.А., Ялтиков В.Ю., Бондарь В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Basargina M.A., Fisenko A.P., Davydova I.V., Kondratyev M.V., Petrova A.S., Zharova O.P., Kharitonova N.A., Yaltikov V.Y., Bondar V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/907">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/907</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью работы является анализ данных ЭхоКГ обследования недоношенных детей, сформировавших и не сформировавших бронхолегочную дисплазию (БЛД), для определения частоты формирования лёгочной гипертензии (ЛГ).</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 199 недоношенных детей, проходивших лечение в отделении патологии новорожденных детей. В 1-ю группу вошли дети, сформировавшие БЛД (n = 117; 59%), со среднетяжёлой и тяжёлой формой заболевания. Вторую группу составили дети, не сформировавшие БЛД в четко декретированные сроки (n = 82; 41%). Внутри групп пациенты были распределены на 4 подгруппы в зависимости от гестационного возраста при рождении и сроков выполнения ЭхоКГ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Только у 2 (1,1%) пациентов из 117 детей 1-й группы была диагностирована ЛГ. У 3 (2,5%) младенцев 1-й группы было выявлено расширение правых отделов сердца без ЛГ. Из 82 детей 2-й группы 2 ребёнка имели признаки расширения правых отделов сердца. ЛГ не была диагностирована ни у одного из пациентов 2-й группы.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Для повышения эффективности диагностики ЛГ следует, по-видимому, увеличить число параметров скрининговой ЭхоКГ путём дополнительного анализа изменений систолического индекса эксцентричности (ИЭ) как надёжного маркёра ЛГ у детей с БЛД. Систолический ИЭ должен быть интегрирован в скрининг диагностики ЛГ у недоношенных детей. Следует также расширить использование данных ЭхоКГ в сочетании с анализом содержания в крови BNP или NT-proBNP. Оптимизация диагностики ЛГ на ранних этапах БЛД необходима для повышения эффективности таргетной терапии и уменьшения риска развития тяжёлых осложнений БЛД.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Басаргина М.А., Давыдова И.В., Ялтиков В.Ю. — концепция и дизайн исследования;/Басаргина М.А., Ялтиков В.Ю., Жарова О.П. — сбор и обработка материала;Басаргина М.А., Петрова А.С. — статистическая обработка;Басаргина М.А., Давыдова И.В., Харитонова Н.А., Бондарь В.А. — написание текста;Басаргина М.А., Фисенко А.П., Харитонова Н.А. — редактирование.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Работа не имела финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 26</title><p>Поступила 26.10.2021Принята к печати 28.10.2021Опубликована 15.11.2021</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work is to analyze the data of Echo-CG examination of premature infants who have formed and have not formed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) to determine the frequency of the formation of pulmonary hypertension (PH).</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A total of 199 preterm infants treated in the Department of Pathology of Newborns were examined. The first group included moderate and severe BPD children (n = 117; 59%). The second group consisted of children without BPD within clearly decreed terms (n = 82; 41%). In each group, patients were divided into four subgroups by the gestational age at birth and the timing of the Echo-CG.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Only two (1.1%) patients out of 117 BPD children of the first group were diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension (PH). In 3 (2.5%) of 117 infants of the same group, enlargement of the right heart without PH was revealed. Out of 82 children without BPD, two patients had signs of right heart enlargement. PH was not diagnosed in any of the patients in this group.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. To aggravate the efficiency of PH diagnosis, a number of indices of screening echocardiography seem to be increased by additional analysis of changes in the systolic eccentricity index (EI), as a reliable marker of PH in BPD children. Systolic IE should be integrated into screening in preterm infants for the diagnosis of PH. The use of Echo-CG data along with analysis of blood BNP or NT-proBNP blood content be also expanded. Optimizing the diagnosis of PH at the early stages of BPD is necessary to increase the efficacy of targeted therapy and reduce the risk of severe complications of BPD.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Basargina М.А., Davydova I.V., Yaltikov V.Yu. — concept and design of the study;Basargina М.А., Yaltikov V.Yu., Zharova O.P. — collection and processing of material;Basargina М.А., Petrova A.S. — statistical processing;Basargina М.А., Davydova I.V., Kharitonova N.A., Bondar В.А. — writing the text;Basargina М.А., Fisenko A.P., Kharitonova N.A. — editing.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: October 26, 2021Accepted: October 28, 2021Published: November 15, 2021</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхолёгочная дисплазия</kwd><kwd>недоношенные дети</kwd><kwd>малый круг кровообращения</kwd><kwd>лёгочная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>эхокардиография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchopulmonary dysplasia</kwd><kwd>premature babies</kwd><kwd>pulmonary circulation</kwd><kwd>pulmonary hypertension</kwd><kwd>echocardiography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Овсянников Д.Ю., Геппе Н.А., Малахов А.Б., Дегтярев Д.Н. Бронхолегочная дисплазия. М.; 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovsyannikov D.Yu., Geppe N.A., Malakhov A.B., Degtyarev D.N. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia [Bronkholegochnaya displaziya]. Moscow; 2020. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соломаха А.Ю., Петрова Н.А., Образцова Г.И., Иванов Д.О., Свиряев Ю.В. Динамика кардиореспираторных и эхокардиографических показателей у детей первого года жизни, страдающих бронхолегочной дисплазией. Неонатология: Новости. Мнения. Обучение. 2019; 7(1): 31-7. https://doi.org/10.24411/2308-2402-2019-11004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solomakha A.Yu., Petrova N.A., Obraztsova G.I., Ivanov D.O., Sviryaev Yu.V. Dynamics of cardiorespiratory and echocardiographic parametres in infants with bronchopulmonary diplasia. Neonatologiya: Novosti. Mneniya. Obuchenie. 2019; 7(1): 31–7. https://doi.org/10.24411/2308-2402-2019-11004 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Butrous G. Pulmonary hypertension: From an orphan disease to a global epidemic. Glob. Cardiol. Sci. Pract. 2020; 2020(1): e202005. https://doi.org/10.21542/gcsp.2020.5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Butrous G. Pulmonary hypertension: From an orphan disease to a global epidemic. Glob. Cardiol. Sci. Pract. 2020; 2020(1): e202005. https://doi.org/10.21542/gcsp.2020.5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jobe A.J. The new BPD: an arrest of lung development. Pediatric Res. 1999; 46(6): 641-3. https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199912000-00007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jobe A.J. The new BPD: an arrest of lung development. Pediatric Res. 1999; 46(6): 641–3. https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199912000-00007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thébaud B., Goss K.N., Laughon M., Whitsett J.A., Abman S.H., Steinhorn R.H., et al. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 2019; 5(1): 78. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-019-0127-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thébaud B., Goss K.N., Laughon M., Whitsett J.A., Abman S.H., Steinhorn R.H., et al. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 2019; 5(1): 78. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-019-0127-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stoll B.J., Hansen N.I., Bell E.F., Walsh M.C., Carlo W.A., Shankaran S., et al. Trends in care practices, morbidity, and mortality of extremely preterm neonates, 1993-2012. JAMA. 2015; 314(10): 1039-51. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.10244</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stoll B.J., Hansen N.I., Bell E.F., Walsh M.C., Carlo W.A., Shankaran S., et al. Trends in care practices, morbidity, and mortality of extremely preterm neonates, 1993-2012. JAMA. 2015; 314(10): 1039–51. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.10244</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bose C., Van Marter L.J., Laughon M., O’Shea T.M., Allred E.N., Karna P., et al. Fetal growth restriction and chronic lung disease among infants born before the 28th week of gestation. Pediatrics. 2009; 124(3): 450-8. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-3249</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bose C., Van Marter L.J., Laughon M., O’Shea T.M., Allred E.N., Karna P., et al. Fetal growth restriction and chronic lung disease among infants born before the 28th week of gestation. Pediatrics. 2009; 124(3): 450–8. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-3249</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hartling L., Liang Y., Lacaze-Masmonteil T. Chorioamnionitis as a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2012; 97(1): F8-F17. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2010.210187</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hartling L., Liang Y., Lacaze-Masmonteil T. Chorioamnionitis as a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2012; 97(1): F8–F17. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2010.210187</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antonucci R., Contu P., Porcella A., Atzeni C., Chiappe S. Intrauterine smoke exposure: a new risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia? J. Perinat. Med. 2004; 32(3): 272-7. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm.2004.051</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antonucci R., Contu P., Porcella A., Atzeni C., Chiappe S. Intrauterine smoke exposure: a new risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia? J. Perinat. Med. 2004; 32(3): 272–7. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm.2004.051</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thekkeveedu R.K., Guaman M.C., Shivanna B. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A review of pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Respir. Med. 2017; 132: 170-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2017.10.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thekkeveedu R.K., Guaman M.C., Shivanna B. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A review of pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Respir. Med. 2017; 132: 170–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2017.10.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jobe A.H., Bancalari E. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care. Med. 2001; 163(7): 1723-9. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.163.7.2011060</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jobe A.H., Bancalari E. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care. Med. 2001; 163(7): 1723–9. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.163.7.2011060</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lopez L., Colan S.D., Frommelt P.C., Ensing G.J., Kendall K., Younoszai A.K., et al. Recommendations for quantification methods during the performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: a report from the Pediatric Measurements Writing Group of the American Society of Echocardiography Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Council. J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 2010; 23(5): 465-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2010.03.019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lopez L., Colan S.D., Frommelt P.C., Ensing G.J., Kendall K., Younoszai A.K., et al. Recommendations for quantification methods during the performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: a report from the Pediatric Measurements Writing Group of the American Society of Echocardiography Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Council. J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 2010; 23(5): 465–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2010.03.019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mourani P.M., Sontag M.K., Younoszai A., Miller J.I., Kinsella J.P., Baker C.D., et al. Early pulmonary vascular disease in preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2015; 191(1): 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201409-1594OC</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mourani P.M., Sontag M.K., Younoszai A., Miller J.I., Kinsella J.P., Baker C.D., et al. Early pulmonary vascular disease in preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2015; 191(1): 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201409-1594OC</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhat R., Salas A.A., Foster C., Carlo W.A., Ambalavanan N. Prospective analysis of pulmonary hypertension in extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2012; 129(3): 682-9. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1827</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhat R., Salas A.A., Foster C., Carlo W.A., Ambalavanan N. Prospective analysis of pulmonary hypertension in extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2012; 129(3): 682–9. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1827</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mourani P.M., Sontag M.K., Younoszai A., Ivy D.D., Abman S.H. Clinical utility of echocardiography for the diagnosis and management of pulmonary vascular disease in young children with chronic lung disease. Pediatrics. 2008; 121(2): 317-25. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-1583</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mourani P.M., Sontag M.K., Younoszai A., Ivy D.D., Abman S.H. Clinical utility of echocardiography for the diagnosis and management of pulmonary vascular disease in young children with chronic lung disease. Pediatrics. 2008; 121(2): 317–25. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-1583</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khemani E., McElhinney D.B., Rhein L., Andrade O., Lacro R.V., Thomas K.C., et al. Pulmonary artery hypertension in formerly premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: clinical features and outcomes in the surfactant era. Pediatrics. 2007; 120(6): 1260-9. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-0971</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khemani E., McElhinney D.B., Rhein L., Andrade O., Lacro R.V., Thomas K.C., et al. Pulmonary artery hypertension in formerly premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: clinical features and outcomes in the surfactant era. Pediatrics. 2007; 120(6): 1260–9. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-0971</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCrary A.W., Malowitz J.R., Hornik C.P., Hill K.D., Cotten C.M., Tatum G.H., et al. Differences in eccentricity index and systolic-diastolic ratio in extremely low birth weight infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia at risk of pulmonary hypertension. Am. J. Perinat. 2016; 33(1): 57. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1556757</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCrary A.W., Malowitz J.R., Hornik C.P., Hill K.D., Cotten C.M., Tatum G.H., et al. Differences in eccentricity index and systolic-diastolic ratio in extremely low birth weight infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia at risk of pulmonary hypertension. Am. J. Perinat. 2016; 33(1): 57. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1556757</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seo Y.H., Choi H.J. Clinical utility of echocardiography for early and late pulmonary hypertension in preterm infants: relation with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J. Cardiovasc. Ultrasound. 2017; 25(4): 124-30. https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2017.25.4.124</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seo Y.H., Choi H.J. Clinical utility of echocardiography for early and late pulmonary hypertension in preterm infants: relation with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J. Cardiovasc. Ultrasound. 2017; 25(4): 124–30. https://doi.org/10.4250/jcu.2017.25.4.124</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">López-Candales A. Determinants of an abnormal septal curvature in chronic pulmonary hypertension. Echocardiography. 2015; 32(1): 49-55. https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.12609</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">López-Candales A. Determinants of an abnormal septal curvature in chronic pulmonary hypertension. Echocardiography. 2015; 32(1): 49–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.12609</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haddad F., Guihaire J., Skhiri M., Denault A.Y., Mercier O., Al-Halabi S., et al. Septal curvature is marker of hemodynamic, anatomical, and electromechanical ventricular interdependence in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Echocardiography. 2014; 31(6): 699-707. https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.12468</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haddad F., Guihaire J., Skhiri M., Denault A.Y., Mercier O., Al-Halabi S., et al. Septal curvature is marker of hemodynamic, anatomical, and electromechanical ventricular interdependence in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Echocardiography. 2014; 31(6): 699–707. https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.12468</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abraham S., Weismann C.G. Left ventricular end-systolic eccentricity index for assessment of pulmonary hypertension in infants. Echocardiography. 2016; 33(6): 910-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.13171</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abraham S., Weismann C.G. Left ventricular end-systolic eccentricity index for assessment of pulmonary hypertension in infants. Echocardiography. 2016; 33(6): 910-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.13171</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Басаргина М.А., Фисенко А.П., Бомбардирова Е.П., Смирнов И.Е., Харитонова Н.А., Илларионова М.С. Моделирование саногенетической развивающей среды и стартовая немедикаментозная абилитация недоношенных младенцев. Российский педиатрический журнал. 2019; 22(6): 380-7. http://doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2019-22-6-380-387</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Басаргина М.А., Фисенко А.П., Бомбардирова Е.П., Смирнов И.Е., Харитонова Н.А., Илларионова М.С. Моделирование саногенетической развивающей среды и стартовая немедикаментозная абилитация недоношенных младенцев. Российский педиатрический журнал. 2019; 22(6): 380-7. http://doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2019-22-6-380-387</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
