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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rosped</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский педиатрический журнал имени М.Я. Студеникина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>M.Ya. Studenikin Russian Pediatric Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/1560-9561-2021-24-5-323-327</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">xsyfcy</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rosped-911</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ПЕДИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIAL PEDIATRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска задержки речевого развития у детей раннего и дошкольного возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors for delayed speech development in children of early and preschool age</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-2524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крючкова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryuchkova</surname><given-names>Tatyana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доцент каф. педиатрии с курсом детских хирургических болезней ФГАОУ ВО «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</p><p>e-mail: haraba.tanya@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics with a course of Children’s Surgical Diseases. Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, 308015, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: haraba.tanya@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">haraba.tanya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State National Research University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>323</fpage><lpage>327</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крючкова Т.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крючкова Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kryuchkova T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/911">https://www.rosped.ru/jour/article/view/911</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Речь — важнейшая составляющая нервно-психического развития ребенка. В последнее десятилетие в мире фиксируется увеличение случаев частоты задержки речевого развития (ЗРР) у детей. Своевременная диагностика и корректировка ЗРР на ранних стадиях могут привести к хорошим результатам и уменьшить нарушения речевого развития в будущем.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: провести анализ факторов риска формирования и основных причин развития ЗРР у детей раннего и дошкольного возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён анализ 165 историй болезни детей, находившихся на обследовании и лечении в детской областной клинической больнице г. Белгорода с 2019 по 2021 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что ЗРР чаще встречалась у детей в возрасте от 1,5 до 3 лет (79,5%), намного реже у детей в возрасте старше 4 лет (6,6%). ЗРР более чем в 2 раза чаще выявлялась у мальчиков (69,7%), чем у девочек (30,9%). Возраст матерей детей с ЗРР составил 30–35 лет. Более 50% всех детей с ЗРР являются преимущественно недоношенными. Патология во время беременности и родов в анамнезе определялась у всех матерей обследованных пациентов. У детей, проживающих в черте города, выявляемость ЗРР была выше на 25% по сравнению с детьми из сельской местности. Поражения органов зрения, резидуальные и перинатальные поражения ЦНС явились самыми частыми формами патологии у детей с ЗРР.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Необходимо совершенствование диагностики и профилактики нарушений речевого развития у детей. Раннее выявление отклонений в речевом развитии ребенка позволит своевременно осуществлять медикаментозную терапию и комплексную систематическую коррекционную работу.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Автор подтверждает отсутствие конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 14</title><p>Поступила 14.10.2021Принята к печати 28.10.2021Опубликована 15.11.2021</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Speech is the most critical component of the neuropsychic development of a child. Over the past decade, an increase in the prevalence of delayed speech development (DSD) in children has been recorded worldwide. Timely diagnosis and correction of DSD at the early stages can lead to good results and minor violations of speech development in the future.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To execute a comparative analysis of risk factors and the leading causes of the DSD development in children of early and preschool age in the Belgorod region from 2019 to 2021.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The analysis of 165 medical records of children examined and treated at the Belgorod Medical Center for the period from 2019 to 2021 was carried out.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. DSD was found to be more common in children aged 1.5 to 3 years (79.5%), much less common in children over the age of 4 years (6.6%).DSD in boys (69.7%) occurs more than two times more common than girls (30.9%). The average age of mothers of DSD children ranged from 30 to 35 years. More than 50% of all DSD children are premature babies. All mothers of the examined patients had a complicated pregnancy and delivery in their history. Children living in the city (62.5%) had a 25% higher probability of DSD occurrence than children from rural areas (37.5%). According to the results of the study, lesions of the visual organs, residual and perinatal lesions of the central nervous system were the most common forms of pathology in DSD children.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It is necessary to improve the early diagnosis and prevention of the DSD in children. Early detection of deviations in the child’s speech development will allow timely drug therapy and comprehensive systematic corrective work.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all its parts — the author.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The author declares no conflict of interest.</p><p>Information about the author: </p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: October 14, 2021Accepted: October 28, 2021Published: November 15, 2021</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>задержка речевого развития</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>патология беременности</kwd><kwd>недоношенность</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>delayed speech development</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>pathology of pregnancy</kwd><kwd>prematurity</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бобылова М.Ю., Браудо Т.Е., Казакова М.В., Винярская И.В. Задержка речевого развития у детей: введение в терминологию. 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