Современные подходы к диагностике и лечению синдрома поликистозных яичников у девочек-подростков

Введение. Синдром поликистозных яичников (СПКЯ) — значимое эндокринное нарушение, особенно затруднительное для диагностики у девочек-подростков, когда его клиническая картина камуфлируется под физиологические особенности пубертатного периода. Ключевыми клиническими проявлениями СПКЯ у подростков являются нарушения менструального цикла, гиперандрогенные симптомы и метаболические изменения, которые в совокупности создают высокий риск неблагоприятных репродуктивных и соматических последствий. Цель обзора: представить современные данные о формировании СПКЯ, его патогенезе, диагностике и лечении у девочек-подростков. Поиск литературы проводили в базах данных PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, Google Scholar, Embase. Отсутствие универсальных диагностических критериев СПКЯ приводит к его гиперили гиподиагностике. Диагностический процесс у девочек-подростков требует особой осторожности и динамического подхода. Значимыми диагностическими критериями являются стойкие нарушения менструального цикла в сочетании с клиническими и лабораторными признаками гиперандрогении. Лечение СПКЯ у девочек-подростков должно быть комплексным и включать модификацию образа жизни, медикаментозные и при необходимости альтернативные подходы. Использование комбинированных оральных контрацептивов, метформина и антиандрогенных препаратов проводится с учётом индивидуальных особенностей больных и под строгим контролем безопасности. Важное значение имеют образовательные и психоэмоциональные программы, направленные на повышение приверженности лечению и снижение негативного влияния заболевания на качество жизни. Своевременное выявление и лечение СПКЯ у подростков играет значимую роль в профилактике серьёзных репродуктивных и метаболических осложнений в последующей жизни, что делает создание оптимальных подходов к ранней диагностике и терапии СПКЯ первоочередной и важной задачей.
Участие авторов: Сибирская Е.В. — концепция и дизайн; Карапетян А.А., Чатикян И.А. — cбор и обработка информации; Сибирская Е.В., Карапетян А.А., Чатикян И.А. —написание текста; Шарков С.М. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.
Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.
Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Поступила 20.01.2026
Принята к печати 10.02.2026
Опубликована 27.02.2026

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