Modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescent girls

Introduction. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a significant endocrine disorder that is especially difficult to diagnose in adolescent girls when its clinical picture is disguised as the physiological features of puberty. The key clinical manifestations of PCOS in adolescents are menstrual disorders, hyperandrogenic symptoms, and metabolic changes, which together create a high risk of adverse reproductive and somatic consequences in the future. The aim of the review is to present up-to-date data on the formation of PCOS, its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment in adolescent girls. The literature was searched in the databases PubMed, eLibrary, Google Scholar, Embase. The lack of universal diagnostic criteria for PCOS leads to its overdiagnosis or underdiagnosis. The diagnostic process in adolescent girls requires special care and a dynamic approach. Significant diagnostic criteria are persistent menstrual irregularities in combination with clinical and laboratory signs of hyperandrogenism. Treatment of PCOS in adolescent girls should be comprehensive and include lifestyle modification, medication, and, if necessary, alternative approaches. The use of combined oral contraceptives, metformin and antiandrogenic drugs is carried out taking into account the individual characteristics of patients and under strict safety control. Educational and psycho-emotional programs aimed at increasing adherence to treatment and reducing the adverse impact of the disease on the quality of life are important. Timely detection and treatment of PCOS in adolescents plays an important role in the prevention of serious reproductive and metabolic complications in later life, which makes the creation of optimal approaches to early diagnosis and therapy of PCOS a priority and important task.
Contribution: Sibirskaya E.V. — concept and design; Karapetyan A.A., Chatikyan I.A. — information collection and processing; Sibirskaya E.V., Karapetyan A.A., Chatikyan I.A. —writing the text; Sharkov S.M. — editing the text. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.
Acknowledgments. The study had no sponsorship.
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: January 20, 2026
Accepted: February 10, 2026
Published: February 27, 2026

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